Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Defining and Classifying DMs 14
2.1 DMs in English and Chinese 14
2.2 Functional diversity of DMs 22
2.3 Classification of DMs 27
2.4 Instantiating the pragmatic functions of DMs in Hongloumeng 30
2.4.1 Opinion-indicating 31
2.4.2 Deduction-eliciting 32
2.4.3 Evidence-quoting 33
2.4.4 Topic-initiating 34
2.4.5 Fact-revealing 35
2.4.6 Cause-and-effect identifying 35
2.5 Summary 37
Chapter 3 Toward a Working Translation Critierion:Construal Equivalence 38
3.1 Traditional translation criteria 39
3.1.1 Traditional Chinese translation criteria:fidelity based on aesthetics 39
3.1.2 Traditional western translation criteria:equivalence based on linguistics 44
3.2 Toward a working translation criterion:construal equivalence 58
3.2.1 Relationship between cognitive semantics and translation 58
3.2.2 Definition of construal 60
3.2.3 A working translation criterion:construal equivalence 67
3.3 Factors affecting construal equivalence 70
3.3.1 Linguistic factors 71
3.3.2 The translator's manipulation 74
3.4 Significance of translation equivalence 79
3.5 Summary 82
Chapter 4 Strategies in Relation to Perspective-based Equivalence 84
4.1 Shifts in narrative points of view 86
4.2 Synesthetic shifts 94
4.3 Shifts between human senses and mental processes 98
4.4 Shifts between human senses and other processes 111
4.5 Shifts between mental processes 115
4.6 Shifts from generality to concreteness 120
4.7 Syntactic shifts 125
4.8 Summary 133
Chapter 5 Strategies in Relation to Prominence-based Equivalence 134
5.1 Transposition 135
5.2 Literal translation 138
5.3 Transmigration 143
5.4 Structural parallelism 147
5.5 Summary 152
Chapter 6 Strategies in Relation to Background-based and Specificity-based Equivalence 153
6.1 Domestication 155
6.2 Foreignization 162
6.3 Holism 164
6.4 Summary 168
Chapter 7 Implications and Future Perspectives 171
References 178
Appendixes 189
Appendix A Translation of Opinion-indicators 189
Appendix B Translation of Deduction-elicitors 216
Appendix C Translation of Evidence Quoters 227
Appendix D Translation of Topicalizers 235
Appendix E Translation of Fact-revealers 239
Appendix F Translation of Cause-and-effect Identifiers 246