CONTENTS 1
1．abandon,desert,forsake,give up (v.) 1
2．ability,capability,capacity,talent (n.) 2
3．able,capable,competent (adj.) 3
4．abolish,cancel (v.) 5
5．about,almost,approximately,nearly (adv.) 6
6．above,on,over (prep.) 7
7．absorb,assimilate (v.) 8
8．abundant,plentiful,rich,wealthy (adj.) 9
9．accept,receive (v.) 10
10．accident,event,happening,incident,occurrence 11
(n.) 11
11．accommodate,afford,furnish(1),provide,supply 12
(v.) 12
12．accomplish,complete(1),finish (v.) 14
13．accomplishment,achievement,attainment,exploit,success (n.) 15
14．according as(conj.);according to (prep.) 16
15．accurate,correct(1),exact,precise (adj.) 17
16．accuse,charge(1) (v.) 18
17．ache,pain (n.) 19
18．achieve,attain,reach(1) (v.) 20
19．acknowledge,admit,confess,own(1) (v.) 21
20．acquire,get(1),obtain (v.) 22
21．across,through(1) (prep) 23
22．act(1),action,deed (n.) 23
23．act(2),perform (v.) 24
24．active,enelgetic,lively,vigorous (adj.) 25
25．actual,genuine,real,true (adj.) 26
26．acute,keen(1),sharp (adj.) 27
27．adapt,adjust (v.) 28
28．add,increase(1) (v.);plus (prep.) 29
29．address,lecture,speech,talk(1) (n.) 30
30．adequate,ample,enough,sufficient (adj.) 30
32．adult,grown=up,mature,ripe (adj.) 32
31．admire,hono(u)r(1),respect (v.) 32
33．advance,progress,proceed,move on (v.) 33
34．advantage,benefit,interest,profit (n.) 35
35．advantageous,beneficial,profitable (adj.) 36
36．advice,counsel，opinion,proposal,suggestion,view(n.) 37
37．affect(1),influence (v.) 38
38．affect(2),assume(1),pretend (v.) 39
39．affirm,assert,claim(1) (v.) 40
40．afraid,frightened,scared,terrified (adj.) 41
41．after(1),belInd (prep. adv.) 42
42．afterwards,later (adv.) 43
43．age,era,period (n.) 44
44．ago,before (adv.) 45
45．agree,approve,comply,consent (v.) 45
46．agreement,contract(1),compact (n.) 47
47．aid,assist,help (v.) 48
48．aim,goal,object(1),purpose (n.) 49
49．alarm(1),cow,frighten,scare (v.) 50
50．alert,awake(1),vigilant,watchful (adj.) 51
51．alike,similar (adj.) 52
52．alive,live(1),living (adj.) 53
53．all,each,every,whole (adj.) 53
54．allow,let,permit (v.) 55
55．allure,induce,lure,tempt (v.) 56
56．alone,lonely (adj.) 58
57．aloud,loud,loudly (adv.) 58
58．alphabet,character(1),letter (n.) 59
59．already,still(1),yet (adv.) 60
60．also,as well,either,too (adv.) 61
61．alter,change,transform(1) (v.) 63
62．alternative,choice,preference (n.) 64
63．although,though (conj.) 65
65．always,frequently,often (adv.) 66
64．altitude,height (n.) 66
66．amaze,astonish,surprise(1) (v.) 67
67．among,between (prep.) 68
68．amount,number,sum,total(1) (n.) 69
69．amuse,entertain (v.) 70
70．ancient,elderly,old (adj.) 71
71．angry,annoyed,cross (adj.) 72
72．animal,beast (n.) 72
73．announce,declare(1),proclalm (v.) 73
74．annoy,bother,irritate,vex (v.) 74
75．another,the other (pron.) 75
76．answer,reply,respond,return (v.) 75
77．anticipate,expect,look forward to (v.) 76
78．anxious(1),eager,keen(2) (adj.) 77
79．apparent,clear,distinct,evident,obvious,plain(adj.) 78
80．appear(1),look(1),seem (v.) 79
81．appearance,aspect,look(2) (n.) 80
82．appendix,supplement (n.) 81
83．appliance,device,implement,instrument,too! 82
(n.) 82
84．appreciate,enjoy (v.) 83
85．appropriate,fit(1),proper,suitable (adj.) 83
86．apt,liable (adj.) 85
87．area,district,region (n.) 85
88．argue,debate,discuss,dispute (v.) 86
89．arise,get up,rise(1) (vi.) 87
90．arise from,originate from,result from (v.) 88
91．arms,weapon (n.) 89
92．army,forces,military,troops (n.) 89
93．around,round (adv, prep.) 91
94．arouse,excite (v.) 91
95．arrest,stop (v.) 92
96．arrive,come(1),get to,reach(2) (v.) 92
98．artificial,man-made,synthetic (adj.) 94
97．article,composition,essay (n.) 94
99．as(1),because,for(1),since(1) (conj.) 95
100．as(2),when,while (conj.) 96
101．as(3) (conj.);like(1) (prep.) 97
102．ascend,climb(1),mount(1),rise(2) (v.) 98
103．ashamed,shameful (adj.) 99
104．ask(1),inquire,question(1) (v.) 100
105．ask(2),beg,request (v.) 101
106．assemble,collect,gather (v.) 101
107．assembly,conference,congress,convention,meeting,party,session (n.) 102
108．assume(2),presume,suppose (v.) 104
109．assurance,confidence (n.) 105
110．assure,guarantee (v.) 105
111．attack,charge(2),storm (v.) 106
112．attempt,endeavor(1),try, (v.) 107
(n.) 108
113．avenue,highroad,highway,path,road,street 108
114．awake(2),awaken,wake,waken (v.) 109
115．aware,conscious (adj.) 110
116．awful,dreadful,fearful,frightful,terrible(1) 110
(adj.) 110
117．bad,evil,ill (adj.) 112
118．bag,sack,satchel (n.) 112
120．ban,forbid,prohibit (v.) 113
119．baggage,luggage (n.) 113
121．bandit,gangster,robber (n.) 114
122．bank,beach,coast,shore (n.) 115
123．bare,naked (adj.) 116
124．base,basis,foundation (n.) 117
125．bashful,coy,shy (adj.) 117
126．basic,fundamental (adj.) 118
127．bay,gulf (n.) 119
128．bear,endure,stand (v.) 119
129．beat,hit,strike (v.) 120
130．beautiful,good-looking,handsome,lovely,pretty(1)(adj.) 121
131．because of,due to,owing to,thanks to 122
(prep.) 122
132．begin,commence,start(1) (v.) 123
133．beginning,origin,start(2) (n.) 124
134．benavior,conduct(1) (n.) 125
135．belief,conviction,faith,trust (n.) 125
136．below,beneath,under (prep.) 126
137．besides,beyond,except (prep.) 127
138．big,giant,great,large (adj.) 128
139．bind,tie (v.) 129
140．blame,condemn,reproach,reprove,scold (v.) 130
141．blank,empty,hollow,vacant (adj.) 131
142．blemish,blot (n.) 132
143．blend,mingle,mix (v.) 133
144．block,check,hinder,prevent,restrain (v.) 134
145．bloom,blossom,flower (n.) 135
146．boast,brag (v.) 136
147．boat,ship (n.) 136
148．bold,brave,courageous (adj.) 137
149．border,boundary,frontier (n.) 138
150． break(1),crack,crush,fracture,shatter,smash 138
(v.) 138
151．break(2),intermission,interruption,recess 140
(n.) 140
152．breakable,brittle,crisp,fragile (adj.) 141
153．brief,short (adj.) 141
154．bright,brilliant,clever,ingenious,intelligent,wise(adj.) 142
155．bring,carry,fetch,get(2) (v.) 143
156．broad,wide(adj.) 144
157．build,construct,erect (v.) 145
(n.) 146
159．business,employment,occupation,profession 146
158．burden,load (n.) 146
160．buy,purchase (v.) 147
161．cabin,cottage,hut (n.) 148
162．cable,telegram,telegraph (n.) 149
163．calculate,count,estimate (v.) 149
164．call on,drop in,see(2),visit (v.) 150
165．calm,cool,peaceful,quiet,still(2) (adj.) 151
166．campaign,drive(1),movement(1) (n.) 152
167．can,could,may,might(1) (aux.v.) 153
168．cap,hat (n.) 154
169．care,concern (n.) 155
170．careful,cautious (adj.) 155
171．case,example,instance,sample (n.) 156
172．catch,capture,seize,trap (v.) 156
173．cause,reason (n.) 157
175．center(centre),middle (n.) 158
174．caution,warn (v.) 158
176．certain(1),some (adj.) 159
177．certain(2),sure,confident (adj.) 160
178．certainly,surely(adv.) 161
179．chance(1),fortune(1),luck (n.) 162
180．chance(2),occasion,opportunity (n.) 162
181．character(2),nature,personality,temperament 163
(n.) 163
182．cheat,deceive (v.) 164
183．cheerful,joyous (adj.) 165
184．chicken,cock,hen (n.) 165
185．chief,main,major,principal (adj.) 166
186．choose,elect,pick,select (v.) 167
187．circle,revolve,rotate,turn (v.) 168
188．circumstance,enviro ment,sun oundings (n.) 169
189．city,town (n.) 169
190．claim(2),demand(1) (v, n.) 170
192．clean,neat,tidy (adj.) 171
191．clay,earth(1),mud (n.) 171
193．climate,weather (n.) 172
194．climb(2),crawl,creep (v.) 173
195．close(1),near (adj.);by (prep.) 174
196．close(2),shut,slam (v.) 175
197．cloth,clothes,clothing,dress(1) (n.) 176
198．clutch,grasp(1) (v.) 177
199．coarse,rough,?d (adj.) 177
200．college,institute,university (n.) 178
201．colour,hue,shade (n.) 179
202．combine,connect,join,link,unite (v.) 180
203．come(2),appear(2),approach,enter (v.) 181
204．comfort,console (v.) 182
205．command,direct(1),order (v.) 182
206．commission,committee (n.) 183
207．commit,consign,entrust, (v.) 184
(adj.) 185
208．eommon,general,ordinary,universal,usual 185
209．communication,traffic,transportation (n.) 186
210．company,corporation (n.) 187
211．comparatively,relatively(adv.) 188
212．compare to,compare with,contrast(2) (v.) 188
213．compatible,consistent (adj.) 189
214．compel,coerce,constrain,force(1),oblige 190
(v.) 190
215．compensate，pay(1) (v.) 191
216．complaint,desease,illness,sickness,trouble 192
(n.) 192
217．complete(2),perfect (adj.) 193
218．be composed of,consist of (v.) 193
219．comprise,constitute,include (v.) 194
220．conceal,hide (v.) 195
221．conceited,haughty,proud (adj.) 195
222．concentrate,focus (v.) 196
223．conception,idea,notion,thought (n.) 197
224．condition,situation,state(1),status (n.) 198
225．conduct(2),direct(2),guide,lead (v.) 199
226．confine,limit,restrict (v.) 200
227．confront,face (v.) 201
228．confuse,baffle,bewilder,perplex,puzzle (v.) 202
229．conquer,defeat，overcome (v.) 204
230．consequence,effect,outcome,result (n.) 205
231．conserve,preserve,reserve (v.) 206
232．consider(1),contemplate,ponder,weigh (v.) 207
233．consider(2),regard…as,treat…as (v.) 208
234．constant,continual,continuous,successive 208
(adj.) 208
235．contain,hold(1) (v.) 209
236．contemporary,current,modern,recent,late, 210
up-to-date (adj.) 210
238．continue,go on,resume,succeed (v.) 211
237．content,satisfactory (adj.) 211
239．contrary,opposite (adj.) 213
240．conversation,chat,dialogue,discussion (n.) 213
241．convince,persuade (v.) 214
242． conect(2),redress,revise (v.) 215
243．cost(1),expend,spend,take (v.) 216
244．cost(2),expense,price (n.) 218
245．costly,dear,expensive (adj.) 218
246．country,nation,state(2) (n.) 219
247．couple,pair (n.) 220
248．crazy,mad (adj.) 221
249．crisis,emergency (n.) 221
250．crop,harvest,yield(1) (n.) 222
251．crowd,gang,group,masses (n.) 222
252．cry(1),call,exclaim,roar(1),scream,shout (v.) 223
253．cry(2),sob,weep (v.) 225
255．cure,heal (v.) 226
256．custom,habit,practice,usage (n.) 226
254．cup,glass(n.) 226
257．damage,destroy,harm,ruin,spoil,wreck (v.) 228
258．damp,humid,moist,wet (adj.) 229
259．danger,hazard,risk (n.) 230
260．date,day (n.) 231
261．decay,decompose,rot (v.) 231
262．decide,determine,make up one s mind,resolve,settle(v.) 232
263．decline,deny,refuse,reject (v.) 233
264．decorate,furnish(2),ornament (v.) 235
265．decrease,diminish,lessen,reduce (v.) 235
266．dedicate,devote (v.) 237
267． defect,error,fault,flaw(1),mistake (n.) 237
268．defend,guard,protect,safeguard,shield (v.) 239
269．delay,postpone,put off (v.) 240
270． delegate,deputy,representative (n.) 241
271．delicate,flne(1) (adj.) 241
272．demand(2),require (v.) 242
273．denote,indicate (v.) 243
274．depart,leave,set out,start(3) (v.) 244
275．depend(up)on,rely(up)on (v.) 245
276．desire,hope,long,wish (v.) 246
277．desk,table (n.) 247
278．despair,disappoint (v.) 247
279．detect,discover,find,invent (v.) 248
280．difference,distinction (n.) 249
282．difficult,hard (adj.) 250
281．different,various (adj.) 250
283．dim(1),indistinct (adj.) 251
284．dim(2),dark (adj.) 252
285．disagree,disapprove (v.) 252
286．disappear,fade,vanish (v.) 253
287．disgust,dislike,hate (v.) 253
288．display,exhibit,expose,revoal (v.) 254
well-known (adj.) 255
289．dissolve,melt (v.) 255
290．distinguished,famous,cutstanding,prominent, 255
291．divide,separate (v.) 257
292．doctor,physician,surgeon (n.) 257
293．door,gate (n.) 258
294．doubt,distrust,suspect (v.) 258
295．drag,draw,haul,pull (v.) 259
296．drawing,illustration,painting,picture,portrait skctch(n.) 260
297．dress(2),have on,put on,wear (v.) 261
298．drift,float (v.) 262
299．drill,exercise,practise,train (v.) 263
300．drive(2),ride (v.) 264
301．drop,descend,fall,sink (v.) 264
302．drug,medicine (n.) 265
303．during,for(2) (prep.) 266
305．dwell,inhabit (v.) 267
304．duty,obligation,responsibility (n.) 267
306．earn,gain (v.) 268
307．earnest,grave,serious,solemn (adj.) 268
308．earth(2),globe,ground,land,soil (n.) 269
309．easy,simple (adj.) 270
310．economic,economical (adj.) 271
311．edge,border,fringe,margin,rim (n.) 271
312．effective,efficient (adj.) 272
313．effort,endeavour(2) (n.) 273
314．elder,older (adj.) 274
315．elevate,lift,raise (v.) 274
316．emancipate,liberate (v.) 275
317．emotion,feeling,passion (n.) 275
318．energy,force(2),might(2),power,strength (n.) 276
319．enlarge,grow,increase(2) (v.) 278
320．enormous,huge,immense,tremendous,vast (adj.) 278
321．entire,complete(3),total(2) (adj.) 279
322．entrance,entry (n.) 280
323．entreat,impiore (v.) 281
324．envy,jealousy (n.) 281
325．equal,equivalent,same (adj.) 282
326．escape(1),flee,get away,run away (v.) 283
327．escape(2),avoid,evade,shun (v.) 284
328．especial(special),particular,exceptional,extraordinary,unique (adj.) 285
329．essential,necessary,indispensable (adj.) 286
330．estate,fortune(2),property (n.) 287
331．eternal,everlasting,perpetual (adj.) 288
332．evidence,proof,witness (n.) 289
333．examination,exam,quiz,test (n.) 289
334．exasperation,irritation,vexation,wrath (n.) 290
335．exceedingly,excessively (adv.) 291
336．excursion,journey,tour,travel,trip,voyage (n.) 292
337．excuse,forgive,pardon (v.) 293
338．exhausted,fatigued,tired,weary (adj.) 294
339．explain,interpret (v.) 295
340．extend,expand,spread,stretch (v.) 295
341．eye,gaze,glance(1),glare,look(3),peep,see(2),stare,watch (v.) 296
342．factory,mill,plant,works (n.) 299
343．fair(1),impartial,just (adj.) 300
344．fair(2),market (n.) 301
345．fairly,pretty(2),quite,rather (adv.) 301
346．fame,hono(u)r(2),reputation (n.) 302
347．familiar,intimate (adj.) 303
348．family,home,house (n.) 304
349．fancy,imagination (n.) 305
350．fantastic(1),odd,peculiar,quaint,queer,strange(adj.) 306
351．farmer,peasant (n.) 307
352．farther,further (adj. adv.) 308
353．fascinate,charm (v.) 308
355．fast,hasty,instant,quick,rapid,sudden,swift 309
(adj.) 309
354．fashion(1),style (n.) 309
356．fasten,chain,secure (v.) 311
357．fate,fortune(3) (n.) 311
358．fear,alarm(2),dread,fright,panic,terror (n.) 312
359．feast,festival,red-letter day (n.) 313
360．feeble,weak (adj.) 313
361．feel,sense (v.) 314
362．few,a few,little(1),a little (adj.) 314
363．fierce,violent (adj.) 315
364．fight,struggle (v.) 316
365．figure,form,shape (n.) 316
366．finally,at last,in the end (adv.) 317
367 fine(2),good,nice (adj.) 318
368．firm,stable,steady (adj.) 319
369．first,at frst,firstly (adv.) 320
370．fit(2),suit (v.) 320
371．flash,glitter (n.) 321
373．flood,tide (n.) 322
372．flesh,meat (n.) 322
374．floor,storey (n.) 323
375．flourish,prosper,thrive (v.) 323
376．fluid,liquid (n.) 324
377．fog,mist (n.) 325
378．follow,chase,hunt,pursue,track,trail (v.) 325
379．foolish,absurd,ridiculous(1),silly,stupid (adj.) 326
380．foreword,introduction,preface (n.) 327
381．forth,forward(s),onward(s) (adv.) 328
382．fortunate,lucky (adj.) 329
383．frank,honest,sincere,straightforward (adj.) 329
384．free,release (v.) 330
385．freedom,liberty (n.) 331
386．friendly,kind(1) (adj.) 332
387．funny,amusing,humorous,ridiculous(2) (adj.) 332
388．game,play,sport (n.) 333
390．genius,gift(1) (n.) 334
389．garden,park (n.) 334
391．gentle,mild,soft (adj.) 335
392．gift(2),present(1) (n.) 336
393．girl,maid (n.) 337
394．give,present(2) (v.) 337
395．glad,happy,joyful,pleasant(1) (adj.) 338
396．glance(2),glimpse (n. v.) 338
397．grand,magnificent,noble,splendid (adj.) 339
398．grasp(2),grip (v.) 340
399．grass,weed (n.) 340
400．grateful,thankful (adj.) 341
401．guest,visitor (n.) 341
402．happen,occur,take place (v.) 342
403．harbour,port (n.) 343
404．hardly,scarcely (adv.) 343
405．have,hold(2),keep,own(2),possess (v.) 344
407．heaven,sky (n.) 345
406．hear,listen (v.) 345
408．heavy,weighty (adj.) 346
409．high,tall (adj.) 347
410．hill,mountain,mount(2) (n.) 347
411．hint,imply,suggest(1) (v.) 348
412．hire,rent (v.) 348
413．historic,historical (adj.) 349
415．holy,sacred (adj.) 350
414．holiday,vacation (n.) 350
416．hotel,inn (n.) 351
417．hurt,injure,wound (v.) 351
418．idle,lazy (adj.) 352
419．imaginary,fantastic(2) (adj.) 353
420．incline,lean,list,slant,slope,tilt,tip (v.) 353
421．indeed,really (adv.) 355
422．insist,persist (v.) 355
423．instead of,in place of (prep.) 356
425．interpreter,translator (n.) 357
424．interfere,interrupt (v.) 357
426．jump,leap,spring (v.) 358
427．just now,right now (adv.) 358
428．kill,murder (v.) 359
429．kind(2),sort (v.) 359
430．labour,toil,work (n. v.) 360
431．lack,want(1) (v. n.) 361
432．laugh,smile,beam (v.) 361
433．lay,place,put,set (v.) 362
434．learn,study (v.) 363
435．lengthen,prolong (v.) 364
436．like(2),love,be fond of,prefer (v.) 364
437．likely,maybe,perhaps,possibly,probably (adv.) 365
438．little(2),small,minute,tiny (adj.) 366
439．live(2),stay (v.) 367
440．locality,location,position,site,spot(1) (n.) 368
441．machine,machinery (n.) 369
442．make,fashion(2) (v.) 370
443．many,much(1),a good many,a great many,a great(good)deal of,a lot of,a great(large)number of,plenty of,alarge amount of (adj.) 371
444．mark(1),token (n.) 372
445．marriage,wedding (n.) 373
446．material,matter,substance (n.) 373
447．means,method,way (n.) 374
448．mend,patch,repair (v.) 375
449．mighty,powerful (adj.) 375
450．motion,movement(2) (n.) 376
451．move,remove,shift,transfer (v.) 377
452．much(2),very (adv.) 378
453．need,want(2) (v.) 378
454．neighbourhood,vicinity (n.) 379
455．newspaper,press (n.) 379
456．no,not (adv.) 380
457．notice,pay attention to (v.) 380
458．object(2),oppose (v.) 381
459．offer，propose，suggest(2) (v.) 382
460．officer,official (n.) 383
461．ought,should (aux.v.) 383
462．package,packet,parcel (n.) 384
463．part,portion,section (n.) 385
464．pay(2),salary,wage (n.) 385
465．penalty,punishment (n.) 386
466．penetrate,pierce (v.) 387
467．per cent,percentage (n.) 387
468．perfume,scent (n.) 388
469．plan,project (n.) 388
470．pleasant(2),pleased (adj.) 389
471．possible,probable (adj.) 390
472．problem,question(2) (n.) 390
474．pronounce,declare(2),profess,state(3) (v.) 391
473．produce,product,production (n.) 391
475．proportion,ratio (n.) 392
476．rare,scarce (adj) 393
477．recall,recollect,remember (v.) 393
478．recover,restore (v.) 395
479．reform,remould,transform(2) (v.) 395
480．relation,relative (n.) 396
481．replace,substitute (v.) 397
482．revenge,vengeance (n.) 397
483．right,correct(3) (adj.) 398
484．sad,sorrowful,unhappy (adj.) 398
485．say,speak,talk(2),tell (v.) 399
486．send,deliver,dispatch,ship,transmit (v.) 400
487．sequence,series,succession (n.) 402
489．shake,quiver,shiver,shudder,tremble (v.) 404
491．shining,lustrous,radiant,sparkling,twinkling 405
(adj.) 405
490．sheer,utter (adj.) 405
492．shop,department store (n.) 406
493．show,demonstrate,illustrate,signify (v.) 407
494．shrink,compress,condense,contract(3) (v.) 408
495．sign,signal,symbol,symptom (n.) 409
496．since(2),after(2) (conj. prep.) 410
497．smooth,even,flat,level (adj.) 411
498．so as to,so that 412
488．severe,stern,strict (adj.) 413
499．sound,murmur,noise,roar(2),voice (n.) 413
500．speed,rate,velocity (n.) 414
501．spot(2),flaw(2),mark(2),stain (n.) 415
502．story,tale (n.) 416
503．strain,stress,tension (n.) 417
504．suffer,torment,torture (v.) 417
505．support,maintain,sustain,uphold (v.) 418
506．surprise(2),amazement,astonishment,wonder (n.) 420
508．surround,encircle,enclose (v.) 421
507．surrender,resign,yield(2) (v.) 421
509．survive,outlive (v.) 422
510．terrible(2),tcrrific (adj.) 423
511．thoughtless,careless (adj.) 423
512．through(2),throughout (prep. adv.) 424
513．till,until (prep. conj.) 425
514．urge,prompt (v.) 425
515．victory,triumph (n.) 426
516．wealth,riches,treasure (n.) 427
517．wild,savage,untamed (adj.) 427
518．wonderful,marvelous (adj.) 428
519．word,term,vocabulary (n.) 429
520．worried,anxious(2), concerned,disturbed, 430
nervous,troubled (adj.) 430
Index 432
Exercise 459
Answers to the exercise 507