PART1 INTRODUCTION TO TROUBLESHOOTING 3
Symptoms，Problems，and Solutions 3
PART1 INTRODUCTION TO TROUBLESHOOTING 3
Chapter 1 Troubleshooting Overview 3
Chapter1 Troubleshooting Overview 3
General Problem-Solving Moder 4
Preparing for Network Failure 5
Chapter2 Troubleshooting Tools 7
Using Router Diagnostic Commands 7
Chapter2 Troubleshooting Tools 7
Using Cisco Network Management Tools 11
Third-Party Troubleshooting Tools 13
Chapter3 Troubleshooting Hardware and Booting Problems 19
PART2 HARDWARE，BOOTING，AND MEDIA PROBLEMS 19
PART2 HARDWARE，BOOTING，AND MEDIA PROBLEMS 19
Chapter 3 Troubleshooting Hardware and Booting Problems 19
Booting the Router 20
Troubleshooting Hardware 23
Troubleshooting Booting Problems 51
Chapter4 Troubleshooting Ethernet 75
Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 75
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Ethernet 75
Troubleshooting Ethernet 78
Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Fiber Distributed Data Interface 85
Chapter5 Troubleshooting Fiber Distributed Date Interface 85
FDDI Technology Basics 85
Troubleshooting FDDI 92
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Token Ring 103
Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 Comparison 103
Chapter6 Troubleshooting Token Ring 103
Token Passing 104
PhysICAL CONNECTIONS 105
THE PRIORITY SYSTEM 105
FAULT MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS 106
FRAME FORMATS 106
TROUBLESHOOTING TOKEN RING 107
PART3 TROUBLESHOOTING DESKTOP AND ENTERPRISE ROUTING PROTOCOLS 117
CHAPTER 7 TROUBLESHOOTING TCP/IP 117
INTERNET PROTOCOLS 117
PART3 TROUBLESHOOTING DESKTOP AND ENTERPRISE ROUTING PROTOCOLS 117
Chapter7 Troubleshooting TCP/IP 117
THE NETWORK LAYER 118
THE TRANSPORT LAYER 124
UPPER-LAYER PROTOCOLS 126
IP MULTICAST 126
TROUBLESHOOTING TCP/IP 130
NOVELL TECHNOLOGY BASICS 177
CHAPTER 8 TROUBLESHOOTING NOVELL IPX 177
Chapter8 Troubleshooting Novell IPX 177
MEDIA ACCESS 178
THE NETWORK LAYER 179
THE TRANSPORT LAYER 180
UPPER-LAYER PROTOCOLS 181
TROUBLESHOOTING NOVELL IPX 181
NOVELL SAPS 221
Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Apple Talk 229
APPLE TALK TECHNOLOGY BASICS 229
CHAPTER 9 TROUBLESHOOTING APPLE TALK 229
THE NETWORK LAYER 231
THE TRANSPORT LAYER 234
UPPER-LAYER PROTOCOLS 238
TROUBLESHOOTING APPLE TALK 238
CHAPTER 10 TROUBLESHOOTING IBM 281
SDLC 281
Chapter10 Troubleshooting IBM 281
SRB 284
TROUBLESHOOTING IBM 287
CHAPTER 11 TROUBLESHOOTING DECNET 333
DIGITAL NETWORK ARCHITEETURE 333
Chapter11 Troubleshooting DECnet 333
THE NETWORK LAYER 334
THE TRANSPORT LAYER 338
UPPER-LAYER PROTOCOLS 338
TROUBLESHOOTING DECNET 338
Chapter12 Troubleshooting ISO CLNS 359
CHAPTER 12 TROUBLESHOOTING ISO CLNS 359
ISO CLNS TECHNOLOGY BASICS 360
TROUBLESHOOTING ISO CLNS 363
CHAPTER 13 TROUBLESHOOTING BANYAN VINES 381
VINES TECHNOLOGY BASICS 381
Chapter 13 Troubleshooting Banyan VINES 381
VINES MEDIA ACCESS 382
THE NETWORK LAYER 382
THE TRANSPORT LAYER 387
TROUBLESHOOTING BANYAN VINES 387
THE NETWORK LAYER 395
Chapter 14 Troubleshooting XNS 395
CHAPTER 14 TROUBLESHOOTING XNS 395
THE TRANSPORT LAYER 397
UPPER-LAYER PROTOCOLS 398
TROUBLESHOOTING XNS 398
PART4 TROUBLESHOOTING SERIAL LINES AND WAN CONNECTIONS 409
Chapter 15 Troubleshooting Serial Line Problems 409
PART 4 TROUBLESHOOTING SERIAL LINES AND WAN CONNECTIONS 409
CHAPTER 15 TROUBLESHOOTING SERIAL LINE PROBLEMS 409
TROUBLESHOOTING USING THE SHOW INTERFACES SERIAL COMMAND 409
ADJUSTING BUFFERS 423
USING THE SHOW CONTROLLERS COMMAND 424
USING DEBUG COMMANDS 427
USING EXTENDED PING TESTS 428
TROUBLESHOOTING CLOCKING PROBLEMS 430
SPECIAL SERIAL LIN TESTS 438
DETAILED INFORMATION ON THE SHOW INTERFACES SERIAL COMMAND 441
Chapter 16 Troubleshooting DiaIin Connections 447
CHAPTER 16 TROUBLESHOOTING DIALIN CONNECTIONS 447
USING THE MODEM AUTOCONFIGURE COMMAND 448
ESTABLISHING A REVERSE TELNET SESSION TO A MODEM 448
INTERPRETING SHOW LINE OUTPUT 450
TROUBLESHOOTING DIALIN CONNECTIONS 454
CHAPTER 17 TROUBLESHOOTING ISDN CONNECTIONS 489
ISDN COMPONENTS 489
Chapter 17 Troubleshooting ISDN Connections 489
ISDN SERVICES 491
LAYER 1 491
LAYER 2 493
LAYER 3 493
TROUBLESHOOTING ISDN 494
Chapter 18 Troubleshooting Frame Relay Connections 523
CHAPTER 18 TROUBLESHOOTING FRAME RELAY CONNECTIONS 523
FRAME RELAY TECHNOLOGY BASICS 525
TROUBLESHOOTING FRAME RELAY 529
Chapter 19 Troubleshooting X.25 Connections 539
CHAPTER 19 TROUBLESHOOTING X.25 CONNECTIONS 539
X.25TECHNOLOGY BASICS 539
X.25FRAME FORMAT 541
TROUBLESHOOTING X.25 544
PART 5 TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGING AND SWITCHING ENVIRONMENTS 553
CHAPTER 20 TROUBLESHOOTING TRANSPARENT BRIDGING ENVIRONMENTS 553
PART5 TROUBLESHOOTING BRIDGING AND SWITCHING ENVIRONMENTS 553
Chapter20 Troubleshooting Transparent Bridging Environments 553
TRANSPARENT BRIDGING TECHNOLOGY BASICS 553
TROUBLESHOOTING TRANSPARENT BRIDGING 558
Chapter21 Troubleshooting ATM Switching Environments 565
CHAPTER 21 TROUBLESHOOTING ATM SWITCHING ENVIRONMENTS 565
CELL RELAY PACKET HANDLING 565
TECHNOLOGIES COMPARED 565
ATM LABEL SWITCHING 568
THE ATM CELL 570
THE ATM ADAPTATION LAYER 572
THE ATM LAYER 575
PLACING CELLS ON A PHYSICAL TRANSPORT MEDIUM 575
TROUBLESHOOTING ATM SWITCHING ENVIRONMENTS 576
Chapter22 Troubleshooting LAN Switching Environments 587
TROUBLESHOOTING LAN SWITCHING ENVIRONMENTS 587
CHAPTER 22 TROUBLESHOOTING LAN SWITCHING ENVIRONMENTS 587
PART 6 TROUBLESHOOTING OTHER INTERNETWORK PROBLEMS 599
Chapter 23 Troubleshooting CiscoWorks Problesms 599
PART 6 TROUBLESHOOTING OTHER INTERNETWORK PROBLEMS 599
CHAPTER 23 TROUBLESHOOTING CISCOWORKS PROBLEMS 599
TESTING BASIC CONNECTIVITY AND SETUP 599
CISCO WORKS ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES 601
TROUBLESHOOTING CISCO WORKS 603
CHAPTER24 TROUBLESHOOTING SECURITY IMPLEMENTATIONS 611
TROUBLESHOOTING TACACS+AND XTACACS 611
Chapter 24 Troubleshooting Security Implementations 611
RECOVERING A LOST PASSWORD 623
PART 7 APPENDIXES 645
Appendix A Creating Core Dumps 645
PART 7 APPENDIXES 645
APPENDIXA CREATING CORE DUMPS 645
EXCEPTION COMMANDS 645
THE WRITE CORE COMMAND 646
SHOW COMMANDS 647
Appendix B Memory Maps 649
MAMORY MAPS AND TROUBLESHOOTING 649
APPENDIXB MEMORY MAPS 649
MEMORY MAPS 652
APPENDIXC TECHNICAL SUPPORT INFORMATION 673
GATHERING INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR INTERNETWORK 673
Appendix C Technical Support Information 673
PROVIDING DATA TO YOUR TECHNICAL SUPPORT REPRESENTATIVE 676
CCO 677
APPENDIXD REFERENCES AND RECOMMENDED READING 679
CISCO PRESS REFERENCES AND RECOMMENDED READING 679
Appendix D References and Recommended Reading 679
OTHER REFERENCES AND RECOMMENDED READING 679
APPENDIXE TROUBLESHOOTING WORKSHEETS 681
Appendix E Troubleshooting Worksheets 681
Index 689
Index 689