Part One Introduction 1
Chapter 1 Introduction 3
1.1 Overview 3
1.2 Business Writing 4
1.3 Writing as a Process 5
1.4 Writing as a Product 6
1.5 Principles of Effective Business Writing 6
1.6 Intercultural Communication 7
Part Two Business Correspondence 11
Chapter 2 The Layout of Business Letters 13
2.1 Overview 13
2.2 Parts of Business Letters 14
2.3 Presentation of Business Letters 18
2.4 Novice Writing and Comments 20
2.5 Useful Expressions and Structures 22
Chapter 3 Business Correspondence 25
3.1 Overview 25
3.2 Letters 25
3.3 Emails 27
3.4 Good News and Bad News Letters 30
3.5 Letters of Complaint 32
3.6 Letters of Persuasion 34
3.7 Novice Writing and Comments 36
3.8 Useful Expressions and Structures 37
Part Three Business Reports 43
Chapter 4 Memos 45
4.1 Overview 45
4.2 History of Memos 46
4.3 Characteristics of Successful Memos 47
4.4 Components of Memos 48
4.5 Writing Memos 53
4.6 Novice Writing and Comments 56
4.7 Useful Expressions and Structures 58
Chapter 5 Meeting Materials 63
5.1 Overview 63
5.2 Meeting Notices 64
5.3 Meeting Agendas 64
5.4 Meeting Minutes 67
5.5 Novice Writing and Comments 72
5.6 Useful Expressions and Structures 73
Chapter 6 Business Reports 79
6.1 Overview 79
6.2 Categories of Reports 79
6.3 Functions of Reports 80
6.4 Writing Business Reports 80
6.5 Preparations for Business Reports 84
6.6 Informal Reports 86
6.7 Formal Reports 87
6.8 Novice Writing and Comments 93
6.9 Useful Expressions and Structures 97
Chapter 7 Informational＆Analytical Reports 101
7.1 Overview 101
7.2 Informational Reports 101
7.3 Analytical Reports 112
7.4 Novice Writing and Comments 122
7.5 Useful Expressions and Structures 123
Chapter 8 Business Proposals＆Business Plans 125
8.1 Overview 125
8.2 Business Proposals 125
8.3 Business Plans 134
8.4 Novice Writing and Comments 142
8.5 Useful Expressions and Structures 144
Chapter 9 Annual Reports 147
9.1 Overview 147
9.2 The Annual Report and Its Sections 148
9.3 Writing the Annual Report 152
Part Four Publicity Materials 159
Chapter 10 Press Releases 161
10.1 Overview 161
10.2 Layout of the Press Release 162
10.3 Writing the Press Release 165
10.4 Novice Writing and Comments 167
10.5 Useful Expressions and Structures 171
Chapter 11 Technical Descriptions 175
11.1 Overview 175
11.2 Types of Descriptions 176
11.3 Method of Development 182
11.4 Language of Descriptions 183
11.5 Illustrations in Descriptions 184
11.6 Novice Writing and Comments 184
11.7 Useful Expressions and Structures 185
Chapter 12 Operating Instructions 187
12.1 Overview 187
12.2 Understanding Your Task 188
12.3 Analyzing Your Audience 188
12.4 Components of Instructions 189
12.5 Sequenced Instructions and Styles of Presentation 193
12.6 Language of Instructions 194
12.7 Novice Writing and Comments 196
12.8 Useful Expressions and Structures 198
Part Five Visual Communication 201
Chapter 13 Questionnaire 203
13.1 Overview 203
13.2 Cover Letter 204
13.3 Layout of the Questionnaire 204
13.4 Preparing a Questionnaire 206
13.5 Tips for Framing the Questions 206
13.6 Tips for Designing and Presenting Choices 207
13.7 Administering the Questionnaire 208
13.8 Interpreting Findings and Writing Up 208
13.9 Novice Writing and Comments 209
13.10 Useful Expressions and Structures 210
Chapter 14 Visual Techniques 213
14.1 Overview 213
14.2 Methods of Visual Presentation 214
14.3 PowerPoint Slides 217
14.4 Language of Integrating the Visuals into the Text 219
14.5 Useful Expressions and Structures 220
Part Six Contracts 223
Chapter 15 Contracts 225
15.1 Overview 225
15.2 Types of Contract 226
15.3 Sales Contract 227
15.4 Sample Contracts 230
Appendices 243
Appendix One Punctuation 243
Appendix Two List of Business Titles 248
Appendix Three Resumés 252
Key to Exercises 257