1 Present tenses现在时态 1
present simple； present continuous； state verbs 1
Test practice： Listening Section 1 6
2 Past tenses 1过去时态1 8
past simple； past continuous； used to； would 8
Test practice： Academic Reading 14
3 Present perfect现在完成时 18
present perfect simple and continuous 18
Test practice： General Training Writing Task 1 25
4 Past tenses 2过去时态2 27
past perfect simple； past perfect continuous 27
Test practice： Academic Reading 34
5 Future 1将来时态1 38
plans， intentions and predictions： present continuous； going to； will 38
Test practice： General Training Reading 44
6 Future 2将来时态2 48
present simple； be about to； future continuous； future perfect 48
Test practice： Academic Writing Task 2 54
7 Countable and uncountable nouns可数名词和不可数名词 55
countable and uncountable nouns； quantity expressions（many， much， a lot of，some， any， a few， few，no） 55
Test practice： Academic Reading 60
8 Referring to nouns指称名词 64
articles； other determiners（demonstratives， possessives， inclusives： each， every， both，all， either， neither etc.） 64
Test practice： Listening Section 4 71
9 Pronouns and referencing代词及其指代 73
personal， possessive and reflexive pronouns； avoiding repetition 73
Test practice： Academic Writing Task 2 79
10 Adjectives and adverbs形容词和副词 80
describing things； adding information about manner， place， time， frequency and intensity 80
Test practice： General Training Reading 87
11 Comparing things比较事物 90
comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs； other ways of comparing； comparing nouns and quantities 90
Test practice： Academic Writing Task 1 97
12 The noun phrase名词短语 98
noun＋prepositional phrase； noun＋participle clause； noun＋to-infinitive clause 98
Test practice： Academic Reading 103
13 Modals 1情态动词1 107
ability； possibility； alternatives to modals 107
Test practice： Listening Section 4 113
14 Modals 2 情态动词2 114
obligation and necessity； suggestions and advice； adverbs 114
Test practice： General Training Reading Section 2 120
15 Reported speech间接引语 123
tense changes； time references； reporting questions； reporting verbs 123
Test practice： Listening Section 3 131
16 Verb＋verb patterns动词＋动词形式 133
verb＋to-infinitive； verb＋-ing； verb＋preposition＋-ing； verb＋infinitive without to 133
Test practice： Academic Reading 140
17 Likelihood based on conditions 1基于条件的可能性1 144
zero， first and second conditionals； other ways to introduce a condition 144
Test practice： Academic Reading 150
18 Likelihood based on conditions 2基于条件的可能性2 154
third conditional； mixed conditionals； wishes and regrets； should（n’t） have 154
Test practice： Academic Reading 160
19 Prepositions介词 164
prepositions after verbs， adjectives and nouns； prepositional phrases 164
Test practice： Listening Section 2 171
20 Relative clauses关系从句 173
relative pronouns； defining and non-defining relative clauses； prepositions 173
Test practice： Academic Reading 180
21 Ways of organising texts组织文章的方式 184
subject choice； introductory it； ellipsis； organising information； it- and what-clauses 184
Test practice： Academic Writing Task 2 190
22 The passive被动语态 191
the passive； reporting with passive verbs； have something done； need＋-ing 191
Test practice： Academic Writing Task 1 197
23 Linking ideas概念之间的连接 198
conjunctions， adverbials and prepositions； linking expressions 198
Test practice： Academic Reading 206
24 Showing your position in a text在文中表明你的立场 210
pronouns； adverbs； verbs； adjectives 210
Test practice： Academic Writing Task 2 215
25 Nominalisation in written English书面英语中的名词化 216
forming nouns from other parts of speech（verbs， adjectives and linking words） 216
Test practice： Academic Writing Task 1 222
Key 223
Recording scripts 240
Appendix 1： Irregular verbs 256
Appendix 2： Phrasal verbs 257
CD Tracklist 258