总论 1
一、蚋类研究史略 1
（一）国外蚋类的基础研究 1
（二）我国蚋类的基础研究 2
二、蚋类的鉴别形态 4
（一）成虫 5
1．头部 6
2．胸部 9
3．腹部 13
（二）蛹 16
1．头部 16
2．胸部 16
3．腹部 17
4．茧 18
（三）幼虫 18
1．头部 20
2．胸部 22
3．腹部 23
（四）卵 24
三、分类系统 25
四、区系分布和地理区划 28
（一）我国蚋类区系分布的特点 29
1．两界分布不均匀性 29
2．接壤区系的相似性 30
3．具有明显的地方性 32
（二）我国蚋类的地理区划 32
1．东北区 33
2．华北区 33
5．华中区 34
3．蒙新区 34
4．青藏区 34
6．西南区 35
7．华南区 35
五、蚋类生物学 35
（一）卵和孵化期 36
（二）幼虫期 37
1．孽生习性 37
3．运动习性 38
4．影响幼虫发育的环境因素 38
2．食性 38
（三）蛹期 40
（四）成虫期 41
1．吸血习性 41
2．栖息和活动习性 43
3．生殖营养周环 43
4．寿命 43
7．季节分布 44
6．产卵习性 44
5．群舞和交配 44
六、蚋类的细胞遗传学和分子生物学 45
（一）蚋类的细胞遗传学 45
1．研究材料和方法 45
2．核型和多线染色体特征 46
3．细胞遗传学研究的应用 46
（二）蚋类的分子生物学 47
1．DNA探针技术 47
2．PCR技术 47
七、医学重要性 48
3．DNA序列分析 48
（一）骚扰吸血，危害人畜 49
（二）作为多种人类和禽畜疾病的传播媒介 49
1．人盘尾丝虫病 49
2．家畜盘尾丝虫病 50
3．欧氏曼森线虫病 51
4．禽鸟住白血球病 51
蚋科Simuliidae Newman,1834 52
蚋亚科Simuliinae Newman,1834 52
八、中国蚋科分类鉴定 52
各论 52
（一）原蚋族Tribe Prosimuliini Enderlein,1921 54
原蚋属Genus Prosimulium Roubaud,1906 55
赫蚋亚属Subgenus Helodon Enderlein,1921 56
高山赫蚋Prosimulium(Helodon)alpestre Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov Vlasenko,1935 57
原蚋亚属Subgenus Prosimulium Roubaud,1906 58
毛足原蚋Prosimulium(Prosimulium)hirtipes(Fries),1824 59
刺扰原蚋Prosimulium(Prosimulium)irritans Rubtsov,1940 61
辽宁原蚋Prosimulium(Prosimulium)liaoningense Sun et Xue,1994 62
后克蚋属Subgenus Metacnephia Crosskey,1969 64
黑足后克蚋Metacnephia edwardsiana(Rubtsov,1940) 64
克氏后克蚋Metacnephia kirjanovae(Rubtsov,1956) 66
畦克蚋属Subgenus Sulcicnephia Rubtsov,1971 67
黄足畦克蚋Sulcicnephia flavipes(Chen,1984) 69
褐足畦克蚋Sulcicnephia jeholensis(Takahasi,1942) 70
荆棚畦克蚋Sulcicnephia jingpengensis Chen,1984 72
奥氏畦克蚋Sulcicnephia ovtshinnikovi Rubtsov,1940 73
十一畦克蚋Sulcicnephia undecimata(Rubtsov,1951) 74
吞蚋属Subgenus Twinnia Stone et Jamnback,1935 75
长白吞蚋Twinnia changbaiensis Sun,1994 76
（二）蚋族Tribe Simuliini Newman,1834 77
蚋属Subgenus Simulium Latreille,1802 78
厌蚋亚属Subgenus Boophthora Enderlein,1921 83
红头厌蚋Simulium(Boophthora)erythrocephala(De Geer),1776 84
布蚋亚属Subgenus Byssodon Enderlein,1925 86
斑布蚋Simulium(Byssodon)maculatum(Meigen,1804) 86
真蚋亚属Subgenus Eusimulium Roubaud,1906 88
窄足真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)angustipes Edwards,1915 91
山溪真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)armeniacum Rubtsov,1955 92
金毛真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)aureum Fries,1824 94
宽甸真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)kuandianense Chen et Cao,1983 95
海真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)maritimum Rubtsov,1956 97
皇后真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)reginae Terteryan,1949 98
萨特真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)satsumense Takaoka,1976 99
泰山真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)taishanense Xue et An,2001 101
威宁真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)weiningense Chen and Zhang,1997 103
绳蚋亚属Subgenus Gomphostilbia Enderlein,1921 104
短茎绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)brivetruncum Chen Chen,2000 110
重庆绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)chongqingense Zhu and Wang,1995 112
曲端绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)curvastylum Chen and Zhang,2001 114
杜氏绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)dudgeoni Takaoka Davies,1995 115
梵净山绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)fanjingshanense Chen,Zhang and Wen,2000 117
海南绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)hainanense Long and An,1995 119
因他绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)inthanonense Takaoka and Suzuki,1984 120
尖峰绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)jianfengense An and Long,1995 121
崂山绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)laoshanstum Ren,An and Kang,1998 123
孟氏绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)mengi Chen,Zhang and Wen,2000 125
后宽绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)metatarsale Brunetti,1911 127
苗岭绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)miaolingense Wen and Chen,2000 129
黑股绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)nigrofemoralum Chen and Zhang,2001 130
凭祥绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)pingxiangense An,Hao and Mai,1990 132
四面山绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)simianshanense Wang,Li and Sun,1996 133
憎木绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)shogakii Rubtsov,1962 134
狭谷绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)synanceium Chen and Cao,1983 136
膨股绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)tumum Chen and Zhang,2001 137
图讷绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)tuenense Takaoka,1979 139
西藏绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)xizangense An,Zhang and Deng,1990 140
察隅绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)zayuense An,Zhang and Deng,1990 141
希蚋亚属Subgenus Hellichiella Rivosecchi and Cardinali,1975 142
白斑希蚋Simulium(Hellichiella)kariyai Takahasi,1940 143
喜山蚋亚属Subgenus Himalayum Lewis,1973 144
印度喜山蚋Simulium(Himalayum)indicum Becher,1885 145
山蚋亚属Subgenus Montisimulium Rubtsov,1974 147
周氏山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)chowi Takaoka,1979 150
凹端山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)concavustylum Deng,Zhang and Chen,1995 151
宽板山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)euryplatamus Sun and Song,1995 153
库姆山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)ghoomense Datta,1975 154
林芝山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)lingziense Deng,Zhang and Chen,1995 156
清溪山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)kirgisorum Rubtsov,1956 157
线丝山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)nemorivagum Datta,1973 159
裂缘山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)schizolomum Deng,Zhang and Chen,1995 160
泰山山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)taishanense Sun and Li,2000 161
谭氏山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)tanae Xue,1993 163
西藏山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)tibetense Deng,Xue,Zhang and Chen,1994 164
魔蚋亚属Subgenus Morops Enderlein,1930 166
鹿角魔蚋Simulium(Morops)antlerum Chcn,2001 166
纺蚋亚属Subgenus Nevermannia Enderlein,1921 167
费蚋组Simulium feuerborni group 169
查头纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)chitoense Takaoka,1979 171
清溪纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)kirgisorum Xue,1991 173
雷公山纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)leigongshanense Chen and Zhang,1997 174
三重纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)mie Ogata and Sasa,1954 176
宽头纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)praetargum Datta,1973 177
山东纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)shandongense Sun and Li,2000 179
鹿蚋组Simulium ruficorne group 180
窄跗纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)angustitarse Lundstrom,1911 182
黄毛纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)aureohirtum Brunetti,1911 183
新月纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)lundstromi Enderlein,1921 185
灰背纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)subgriseum Rubtsov,1940 187
宽足蚋组Simulium vernum group 188
窄形纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)angustatum Rubtsov,1956 194
双角纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)bicorne Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov and Vlasenko,1935 196
苍山纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)cangshanense Xue,1993 197
陈氏纺蚋Simulium (Nevermannia)cheni Xue,1993 199
纤细纺蚋Simulium (Nevermannia)gracile Datta,1973 200
吉林纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)jilinense Chen and Cao,1994 202
宽丝纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)latifile Rubtsov,1956 203
龙潭纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)longtanstum Ren,An and Kang,1998 204
梅氏纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)meigeni Rubtsov and Carlsson, 206
1965 206
新纤细纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)novigracile Deng,Zhang et Chen,1996 207
普格纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)pugetense Dyar and Shannon,1927 209
朴氏纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)purii Datta,1973 211
桥落纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)qiaoluoense Chen,2001 212
清水纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)qingshuiense Chen,2001 214
林纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)silvestre Rubtsov,1956 215
丝肋纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)subcostatum Takahasi,1950 217
透林纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)taulingense Takaoka,1979 218
内田纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)uchidai Takahasi,1950 219
宽足纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)vernum Macquart,1826 221
新宾纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)xinbinense Chen and Cao,1983 223
薛氏纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)xueae Sun,1994 225
油丝纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)yushangense Takaoka,1979 226
成双欧蚋Simulium(Obuchovia)biseriata Rubtsov,1940 228
欧蚋亚属Subgenus Obuchovia Rubtsov,1949 228
短蚋亚属Subgenus Odagmia Enderlein,1921 229
峨眉短蚋Simulium(Odagmia)emeinesis An,Xu and Song,1991 230
斑短蚋Simulium(Odagmia)ferganicum Rubtsov,1940 232
一洼短蚋Simulium(Odagmia)iwatense Shiraki,1935 234
庄氏短蚋Simulium(Odagmia)ornatum Meigen,1818 234
副布蚋亚属Subgenus Parabyssodon Rubtsov,1964 236
宽附副布蚋Simulium(Parabyssodon)transiens(Rubtsov,1940) 236
黄色逊蚋Simulium(Schoenbaueria)favoantennatum Rubtsov,1940 238
逊蚋亚属Subgenus Schoenbaueria Enderlein,1921 238
曲胫逊蚋Simulium(Schoenbaueria)tibiale Tan and Chow,1976 239
蚋亚属Subgenus Simulium Latreille,1802 240
灰额蚋组Simulium griseifrons group 243
福州蚋Simulium(Simulium)fuzhouense Zhang Wang,1991 245
格氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)gravelyi Puri,1933 246
灰额蚋Simulium(Simulium)griseifrons Brunetti,1911 248
日本蚋Simulium(Simulium)japonicum Matsumura,1931 249
卡瓦蚋Simulium(Simulium)kawamurae Matsumura,1915 251
中柱蚋Simulium(Simulium)mediaxisus An,Guo and Xu,1995 252
匙蚋Simulium(Simulium)spoonatum An,Hao and Yan,1998 253
香港蚋Simulium(Simulium)taipokauense Takaoka,Davies Dudgeon,1995 254
优分蚋Simulium(Simulium)ufengense Takaoka,1979 256
淡足蚋组Simulium malyschevi group 257
双齿蚋Simulium(Simulium)bidentatum Shiraki,1935 261
黑角蚋Simulium(Simulium)cholodkovskii Rubtsov,1940 263
十分蚋Simulium(Simulium)decimatum Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov and Vlasenko,1935 264
粗毛蚋Simulium(Simulium)hirtipannus Puri,1932 266
短飘蚋Simulium(Simulium)jacuticum Rubstov,1940 268
揭阳蚋Simulium(Simulium)jieyangense An,Yan,Yang and Hao,1994 269
辽宁蚋Simulium(Simulium)liaoningense Sun,1994 270
淡足蚋Simulium(Simulium)malyschevi Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov and Vlasenko,1935 271
纳克蚋Simulium(Simulium)nacojapi Smart,1944 272
怒江蚋Simulium(Simulium)nujiangense Xue,1993 274
窄手蚋Simulium(Simulium)omorii Takahasi,1942 275
长须蚋Simulium(Simulium)pavlovskii Rubtsov,1940 276
如伯蚋Simulium(Simulium)rubroflavifemur Rubtsov,1940 278
远蚋Simulium(Simulium)remotum Rubtsov,1956 279
红足蚋Simulium(Simulium)rufipes Tan and Chow,1976 280
北蚋Simulium(Simulium)subvariegatum Rubtsov,1940 281
谭氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)tanae Xue,1992 283
多条蚋组Simulium multistriatum group 284
含糊蚋Simulium(Simulium)ambiguum Shiraki,1935 288
包氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)barraudi Puri,1932 289
重庆蚋Simulium(Simulium)chongqingense Zhu and Wang,1995 290
细齿蚋Simulium(Simulium)dentatum Puri,1932 292
地记蚋Simulium(Simulium)digitatum Puri,1932 293
鞍阳蚋Simulium(Simulium)ephippioidum Chen Wen,1999 294
卡头蚋Simulium(Simulium)katoi Shiraki,1935 295
乐东蚋Simulium(Simulium)ledongense Yang Chen,2001 296
多叉蚋Simulium(Simulium)multifurcatum Zhang and Wang,1991 297
淡股蚋Simulium(Simulium)pallidofemum Deng,Zhang,Xue and Chen,1994 299
普拉蚋Simulium(Simulium)pulanotum An,Guo and Xu,1995 300
秦氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)qini Cao,Wang and Chen,1993 301
多枝蚋Simulium(Simulium)ramulosumChen,2000 302
崎岛蚋Simulium(Simulium)sakishimaense Takaoka,1977 303
上川蚋Simulium(Simulium)shangchuanense An,Hao and Yan,1998 305
细板蚋Simulium(Simulium)tenuatum Chen,2000 306
钩突蚋Simulium(Simulium)uncum Zhang and Chen,2001 308
武陵蚋Simulium(Simulium)wulingense Zhang and Chen,2000 309
节蚋Simulium(Simulium)nodosum Puri,1933 311
杰蚋组Simulium nobile group 311
素木蚋Simulium(Simulium)shirakii Kono Takahasi,1940 313
淡额蚋组Simulium noelleri group 314
贝氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)behningi Enderlein,1926 316
樱花蚋Simulium(Simulium)nikkoense Shiraki,1935 317
淡额蚋Simulium(Simulium)nolleri Friederichs,1920 318
沼生蚋Simulium(Simulium)palustre Rubtsov,1956 320
爬蚋组Simulium reptans group 321
爬蚋Simulium(Simulium)reptans Linnaeus,1758 322
溪蚋Simulium(Simulium)rheophilum Tan et Chow,1976 324
塔氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)tarnogradskii Rubtsov,1940 325
盾纹蚋组Simulium striatum group 326
清迈蚋Simulium(Simulium)chiangmaiense Takaoka and Suzuki,1984 328
那空蚋Simulium(Simulium)nakhonense Takaoka and Suzuki,1984 329
五条蚋Simulium(Simulium)quinquestriatum(Shiraki,1935） 331
擦萨蚋Simulium(Simulium)saceatum Rubtsov,1956 333
泰国蚋Simulium(Simulium)thailandicum Takaoka and Susuki,1984 334
块根蚋组Simulium tuberosum group 335
阿里山蚋Simulium(Simulium)arisanum Shiraki,1935 338
新红色蚋Simulium(Simulium)neoru fibasis Sun,1994 338
黑颜蚋Simulium(Simulium)nigrifacies Datta,1974 340
亮胸蚋Simulium(Simulium)nitidithorax Puri,1932 341
显著蚋Simulium(Simulium)prominentum Chen and Zhang,2002 343
王早蚋Simulium(Simulium)puliense Takaoka,1979 344
红色蚋Simulium(Simulium)rufibasis Brunetti,1911 345
华丽蚋Simulium(Simulium)splendidum Rubtsov,1940 347
柃木蚋Simulium(Simulium)suzukii Rubtsov,1963 348
山状蚋Simulium(Simulium)tumulosum Rubtsov,1956 350
伏尔加蚋Simulium(Simulium)vulgare Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov Vlasenko,1935 351
杂色蚋组Simulium variegatum group 352
青木蚋Simulium(Simulium)aokii Takahasi,1941 355
草海蚋Simulium(Simulium)caohaiense Chen and Zhang,1997 357
昌隆蚋Simulium(Simulium)chamlongi Takaoka and Suzuki,1984 359
喜马拉雅蚋Simulium(Simulium)himalayense Puri,1932 360
卡任蚋Simulium(Simulium)karenkoensis Shiraki,1935 362
黑色蚋Simulium(Simulium)pelius Sun,1994 362
黔蚋Simulium(Simulium)qianense Chen and Chen,2001 363
台湾蚋Simulium(Simulium)taiwanicum Takaoka,1979 365
角突蚋Simulium(Simulium)triangustum An,Gao and Xu,1995 367
亚东蚋Simulium(Simulium)yadongense Deng and Chen,1993 368
脉蚋组Simulium venustum group 370
角逐蚋Simulium(Simulium)aemulum Rubtsov,1940 372
阿拉蚋Simulium(Simulium)arakawae Matsumura,1915 373
曲跗蚋Simulium(Simulium)curvitarse Rubtsov,1940 375
长须蚋Simulium(Simulium)longipalpe Beltyukova,1955 376
短须蚋Simulium(Simulium)morsitans Edwards,1915 377
桑叶蚋Simulium(Simulium)promorsitans Rubtsov,1956 379
新宾蚋Simulium(Simulium)xinbinen Sun,1992 380
蚋亚属未分组蚋种 381
克氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)christophersi Puri,1932 381
赫氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)howletei Puri,1932 383
黑足蚋Simulium(Simulium)peliastrias Sun,1994 385
轮丝蚋Simulium(Simulium)rotifilis Chen Zhang,1998 386
北方蚋Simulium(Simulium)septentriohale Tan et Chow,1976 387
特蚋亚属Subgenus Tetisimulium Rubtsov,1963 389
正直特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)coarctatum Rubtsov,1940 391
沙特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)desertorum Rubtsov,1938 392
冬令特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)hiemalis Rubtsov,1956 394
扣子特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)kozlovi Rubtsov,1940 395
龙岗特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)longgengen Sun,1992 397
塔城特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)tachengense An and Maha,1994 398
蛙蚋亚属Subgenus Wallacellum Takaoka,1983 399
那国蛙蚋Simulium(Wallacellum)yonakuniense Takaoka,1972 400
维蚋亚属Subgenus Wilhelmia Enderlein,1921 401
窄叉维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)angustifurca Rubtsov,1956 405
马维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)equinum Linnaeus,1758 406
沼泽维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)lama Rubtsov,1940 408
力行维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)lineatum Meigen,1804 409
北京维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)pekingense Sun,1999 410
伪马维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)pseudequinum Seguy,1921 411
塔城维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)tachengense Maha,An and Yan,1997 413
高桥维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)takahasii Rubtsov,1962 414
沟额维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)veltistshevi Rubtsov,1940 415
乌什维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)wushiense Maha,An and Yan,1997 417
兴义维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)xingyiense Chen and Zhang,1998 418
九、中国蚋科修订名录 420
参考文献 427
学名中名对照索引 435
中名索引 443
蚋类形态学名词外文缩写（含符号）说明 448