中国黑蝇 双翅目·蚋科PDF电子书下载

总论 1

一、蚋类研究史略 1

（一）国外蚋类的基础研究 1

（二）我国蚋类的基础研究 2

二、蚋类的鉴别形态 4

（一）成虫 5

1．头部 6

2．胸部 9

3．腹部 13

（二）蛹 16

1．头部 16

2．胸部 16

3．腹部 17

4．茧 18

（三）幼虫 18

1．头部 20

2．胸部 22

3．腹部 23

（四）卵 24

三、分类系统 25

四、区系分布和地理区划 28

（一）我国蚋类区系分布的特点 29

1．两界分布不均匀性 29

2．接壤区系的相似性 30

3．具有明显的地方性 32

（二）我国蚋类的地理区划 32

1．东北区 33

2．华北区 33

5．华中区 34

3．蒙新区 34

4．青藏区 34

6．西南区 35

7．华南区 35

五、蚋类生物学 35

（一）卵和孵化期 36

（二）幼虫期 37

1．孽生习性 37

3．运动习性 38

4．影响幼虫发育的环境因素 38

2．食性 38

（三）蛹期 40

（四）成虫期 41

1．吸血习性 41

2．栖息和活动习性 43

3．生殖营养周环 43

4．寿命 43

7．季节分布 44

6．产卵习性 44

5．群舞和交配 44

六、蚋类的细胞遗传学和分子生物学 45

（一）蚋类的细胞遗传学 45

1．研究材料和方法 45

2．核型和多线染色体特征 46

3．细胞遗传学研究的应用 46

（二）蚋类的分子生物学 47

1．DNA探针技术 47

2．PCR技术 47

七、医学重要性 48

3．DNA序列分析 48

（一）骚扰吸血，危害人畜 49

（二）作为多种人类和禽畜疾病的传播媒介 49

1．人盘尾丝虫病 49

2．家畜盘尾丝虫病 50

3．欧氏曼森线虫病 51

4．禽鸟住白血球病 51

蚋科Simuliidae Newman,1834 52

蚋亚科Simuliinae Newman,1834 52

八、中国蚋科分类鉴定 52

各论 52

（一）原蚋族Tribe Prosimuliini Enderlein,1921 54

原蚋属Genus Prosimulium Roubaud,1906 55

赫蚋亚属Subgenus Helodon Enderlein,1921 56

高山赫蚋Prosimulium(Helodon)alpestre Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov Vlasenko,1935 57

原蚋亚属Subgenus Prosimulium Roubaud,1906 58

毛足原蚋Prosimulium(Prosimulium)hirtipes(Fries),1824 59

刺扰原蚋Prosimulium(Prosimulium)irritans Rubtsov,1940 61

辽宁原蚋Prosimulium(Prosimulium)liaoningense Sun et Xue,1994 62

后克蚋属Subgenus Metacnephia Crosskey,1969 64

黑足后克蚋Metacnephia edwardsiana(Rubtsov,1940) 64

克氏后克蚋Metacnephia kirjanovae(Rubtsov,1956) 66

畦克蚋属Subgenus Sulcicnephia Rubtsov,1971 67

黄足畦克蚋Sulcicnephia flavipes(Chen,1984) 69

褐足畦克蚋Sulcicnephia jeholensis(Takahasi,1942) 70

荆棚畦克蚋Sulcicnephia jingpengensis Chen,1984 72

奥氏畦克蚋Sulcicnephia ovtshinnikovi Rubtsov,1940 73

十一畦克蚋Sulcicnephia undecimata(Rubtsov,1951) 74

吞蚋属Subgenus Twinnia Stone et Jamnback,1935 75

长白吞蚋Twinnia changbaiensis Sun,1994 76

（二）蚋族Tribe Simuliini Newman,1834 77

蚋属Subgenus Simulium Latreille,1802 78

厌蚋亚属Subgenus Boophthora Enderlein,1921 83

红头厌蚋Simulium(Boophthora)erythrocephala(De Geer),1776 84

布蚋亚属Subgenus Byssodon Enderlein,1925 86

斑布蚋Simulium(Byssodon)maculatum(Meigen,1804) 86

真蚋亚属Subgenus Eusimulium Roubaud,1906 88

窄足真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)angustipes Edwards,1915 91

山溪真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)armeniacum Rubtsov,1955 92

金毛真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)aureum Fries,1824 94

宽甸真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)kuandianense Chen et Cao,1983 95

海真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)maritimum Rubtsov,1956 97

皇后真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)reginae Terteryan,1949 98

萨特真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)satsumense Takaoka,1976 99

泰山真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)taishanense Xue et An,2001 101

威宁真蚋Simulium(Eusimulium)weiningense Chen and Zhang,1997 103

绳蚋亚属Subgenus Gomphostilbia Enderlein,1921 104

短茎绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)brivetruncum Chen Chen,2000 110

重庆绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)chongqingense Zhu and Wang,1995 112

曲端绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)curvastylum Chen and Zhang,2001 114

杜氏绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)dudgeoni Takaoka Davies,1995 115

梵净山绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)fanjingshanense Chen,Zhang and Wen,2000 117

海南绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)hainanense Long and An,1995 119

因他绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)inthanonense Takaoka and Suzuki,1984 120

尖峰绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)jianfengense An and Long,1995 121

崂山绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)laoshanstum Ren,An and Kang,1998 123

孟氏绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)mengi Chen,Zhang and Wen,2000 125

后宽绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)metatarsale Brunetti,1911 127

苗岭绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)miaolingense Wen and Chen,2000 129

黑股绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)nigrofemoralum Chen and Zhang,2001 130

凭祥绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)pingxiangense An,Hao and Mai,1990 132

四面山绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)simianshanense Wang,Li and Sun,1996 133

憎木绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)shogakii Rubtsov,1962 134

狭谷绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)synanceium Chen and Cao,1983 136

膨股绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)tumum Chen and Zhang,2001 137

图讷绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)tuenense Takaoka,1979 139

西藏绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)xizangense An,Zhang and Deng,1990 140

察隅绳蚋Simulium(Gomphostilbia)zayuense An,Zhang and Deng,1990 141

希蚋亚属Subgenus Hellichiella Rivosecchi and Cardinali,1975 142

白斑希蚋Simulium(Hellichiella)kariyai Takahasi,1940 143

喜山蚋亚属Subgenus Himalayum Lewis,1973 144

印度喜山蚋Simulium(Himalayum)indicum Becher,1885 145

山蚋亚属Subgenus Montisimulium Rubtsov,1974 147

周氏山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)chowi Takaoka,1979 150

凹端山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)concavustylum Deng,Zhang and Chen,1995 151

宽板山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)euryplatamus Sun and Song,1995 153

库姆山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)ghoomense Datta,1975 154

林芝山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)lingziense Deng,Zhang and Chen,1995 156

清溪山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)kirgisorum Rubtsov,1956 157

线丝山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)nemorivagum Datta,1973 159

裂缘山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)schizolomum Deng,Zhang and Chen,1995 160

泰山山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)taishanense Sun and Li,2000 161

谭氏山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)tanae Xue,1993 163

西藏山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)tibetense Deng,Xue,Zhang and Chen,1994 164

魔蚋亚属Subgenus Morops Enderlein,1930 166

鹿角魔蚋Simulium(Morops)antlerum Chcn,2001 166

纺蚋亚属Subgenus Nevermannia Enderlein,1921 167

费蚋组Simulium feuerborni group 169

查头纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)chitoense Takaoka,1979 171

清溪纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)kirgisorum Xue,1991 173

雷公山纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)leigongshanense Chen and Zhang,1997 174

三重纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)mie Ogata and Sasa,1954 176

宽头纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)praetargum Datta,1973 177

山东纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)shandongense Sun and Li,2000 179

鹿蚋组Simulium ruficorne group 180

窄跗纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)angustitarse Lundstrom,1911 182

黄毛纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)aureohirtum Brunetti,1911 183

新月纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)lundstromi Enderlein,1921 185

灰背纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)subgriseum Rubtsov,1940 187

宽足蚋组Simulium vernum group 188

窄形纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)angustatum Rubtsov,1956 194

双角纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)bicorne Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov and Vlasenko,1935 196

苍山纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)cangshanense Xue,1993 197

陈氏纺蚋Simulium (Nevermannia)cheni Xue,1993 199

纤细纺蚋Simulium (Nevermannia)gracile Datta,1973 200

吉林纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)jilinense Chen and Cao,1994 202

宽丝纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)latifile Rubtsov,1956 203

龙潭纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)longtanstum Ren,An and Kang,1998 204

梅氏纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)meigeni Rubtsov and Carlsson, 206

1965 206

新纤细纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)novigracile Deng,Zhang et Chen,1996 207

普格纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)pugetense Dyar and Shannon,1927 209

朴氏纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)purii Datta,1973 211

桥落纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)qiaoluoense Chen,2001 212

清水纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)qingshuiense Chen,2001 214

林纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)silvestre Rubtsov,1956 215

丝肋纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)subcostatum Takahasi,1950 217

透林纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)taulingense Takaoka,1979 218

内田纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)uchidai Takahasi,1950 219

宽足纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)vernum Macquart,1826 221

新宾纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)xinbinense Chen and Cao,1983 223

薛氏纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)xueae Sun,1994 225

油丝纺蚋Simulium(Nevermannia)yushangense Takaoka,1979 226

成双欧蚋Simulium(Obuchovia)biseriata Rubtsov,1940 228

欧蚋亚属Subgenus Obuchovia Rubtsov,1949 228

短蚋亚属Subgenus Odagmia Enderlein,1921 229

峨眉短蚋Simulium(Odagmia)emeinesis An,Xu and Song,1991 230

斑短蚋Simulium(Odagmia)ferganicum Rubtsov,1940 232

一洼短蚋Simulium(Odagmia)iwatense Shiraki,1935 234

庄氏短蚋Simulium(Odagmia)ornatum Meigen,1818 234

副布蚋亚属Subgenus Parabyssodon Rubtsov,1964 236

宽附副布蚋Simulium(Parabyssodon)transiens(Rubtsov,1940) 236

黄色逊蚋Simulium(Schoenbaueria)favoantennatum Rubtsov,1940 238

逊蚋亚属Subgenus Schoenbaueria Enderlein,1921 238

曲胫逊蚋Simulium(Schoenbaueria)tibiale Tan and Chow,1976 239

蚋亚属Subgenus Simulium Latreille,1802 240

灰额蚋组Simulium griseifrons group 243

福州蚋Simulium(Simulium)fuzhouense Zhang Wang,1991 245

格氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)gravelyi Puri,1933 246

灰额蚋Simulium(Simulium)griseifrons Brunetti,1911 248

日本蚋Simulium(Simulium)japonicum Matsumura,1931 249

卡瓦蚋Simulium(Simulium)kawamurae Matsumura,1915 251

中柱蚋Simulium(Simulium)mediaxisus An,Guo and Xu,1995 252

匙蚋Simulium(Simulium)spoonatum An,Hao and Yan,1998 253

香港蚋Simulium(Simulium)taipokauense Takaoka,Davies Dudgeon,1995 254

优分蚋Simulium(Simulium)ufengense Takaoka,1979 256

淡足蚋组Simulium malyschevi group 257

双齿蚋Simulium(Simulium)bidentatum Shiraki,1935 261

黑角蚋Simulium(Simulium)cholodkovskii Rubtsov,1940 263

十分蚋Simulium(Simulium)decimatum Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov and Vlasenko,1935 264

粗毛蚋Simulium(Simulium)hirtipannus Puri,1932 266

短飘蚋Simulium(Simulium)jacuticum Rubstov,1940 268

揭阳蚋Simulium(Simulium)jieyangense An,Yan,Yang and Hao,1994 269

辽宁蚋Simulium(Simulium)liaoningense Sun,1994 270

淡足蚋Simulium(Simulium)malyschevi Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov and Vlasenko,1935 271

纳克蚋Simulium(Simulium)nacojapi Smart,1944 272

怒江蚋Simulium(Simulium)nujiangense Xue,1993 274

窄手蚋Simulium(Simulium)omorii Takahasi,1942 275

长须蚋Simulium(Simulium)pavlovskii Rubtsov,1940 276

如伯蚋Simulium(Simulium)rubroflavifemur Rubtsov,1940 278

远蚋Simulium(Simulium)remotum Rubtsov,1956 279

红足蚋Simulium(Simulium)rufipes Tan and Chow,1976 280

北蚋Simulium(Simulium)subvariegatum Rubtsov,1940 281

谭氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)tanae Xue,1992 283

多条蚋组Simulium multistriatum group 284

含糊蚋Simulium(Simulium)ambiguum Shiraki,1935 288

包氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)barraudi Puri,1932 289

重庆蚋Simulium(Simulium)chongqingense Zhu and Wang,1995 290

细齿蚋Simulium(Simulium)dentatum Puri,1932 292

地记蚋Simulium(Simulium)digitatum Puri,1932 293

鞍阳蚋Simulium(Simulium)ephippioidum Chen Wen,1999 294

卡头蚋Simulium(Simulium)katoi Shiraki,1935 295

乐东蚋Simulium(Simulium)ledongense Yang Chen,2001 296

多叉蚋Simulium(Simulium)multifurcatum Zhang and Wang,1991 297

淡股蚋Simulium(Simulium)pallidofemum Deng,Zhang,Xue and Chen,1994 299

普拉蚋Simulium(Simulium)pulanotum An,Guo and Xu,1995 300

秦氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)qini Cao,Wang and Chen,1993 301

多枝蚋Simulium(Simulium)ramulosumChen,2000 302

崎岛蚋Simulium(Simulium)sakishimaense Takaoka,1977 303

上川蚋Simulium(Simulium)shangchuanense An,Hao and Yan,1998 305

细板蚋Simulium(Simulium)tenuatum Chen,2000 306

钩突蚋Simulium(Simulium)uncum Zhang and Chen,2001 308

武陵蚋Simulium(Simulium)wulingense Zhang and Chen,2000 309

节蚋Simulium(Simulium)nodosum Puri,1933 311

杰蚋组Simulium nobile group 311

素木蚋Simulium(Simulium)shirakii Kono Takahasi,1940 313

淡额蚋组Simulium noelleri group 314

贝氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)behningi Enderlein,1926 316

樱花蚋Simulium(Simulium)nikkoense Shiraki,1935 317

淡额蚋Simulium(Simulium)nolleri Friederichs,1920 318

沼生蚋Simulium(Simulium)palustre Rubtsov,1956 320

爬蚋组Simulium reptans group 321

爬蚋Simulium(Simulium)reptans Linnaeus,1758 322

溪蚋Simulium(Simulium)rheophilum Tan et Chow,1976 324

塔氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)tarnogradskii Rubtsov,1940 325

盾纹蚋组Simulium striatum group 326

清迈蚋Simulium(Simulium)chiangmaiense Takaoka and Suzuki,1984 328

那空蚋Simulium(Simulium)nakhonense Takaoka and Suzuki,1984 329

五条蚋Simulium(Simulium)quinquestriatum(Shiraki,1935） 331

擦萨蚋Simulium(Simulium)saceatum Rubtsov,1956 333

泰国蚋Simulium(Simulium)thailandicum Takaoka and Susuki,1984 334

块根蚋组Simulium tuberosum group 335

阿里山蚋Simulium(Simulium)arisanum Shiraki,1935 338

新红色蚋Simulium(Simulium)neoru fibasis Sun,1994 338

黑颜蚋Simulium(Simulium)nigrifacies Datta,1974 340

亮胸蚋Simulium(Simulium)nitidithorax Puri,1932 341

显著蚋Simulium(Simulium)prominentum Chen and Zhang,2002 343

王早蚋Simulium(Simulium)puliense Takaoka,1979 344

红色蚋Simulium(Simulium)rufibasis Brunetti,1911 345

华丽蚋Simulium(Simulium)splendidum Rubtsov,1940 347

柃木蚋Simulium(Simulium)suzukii Rubtsov,1963 348

山状蚋Simulium(Simulium)tumulosum Rubtsov,1956 350

伏尔加蚋Simulium(Simulium)vulgare Dorogostaisky,Rubtsov Vlasenko,1935 351

杂色蚋组Simulium variegatum group 352

青木蚋Simulium(Simulium)aokii Takahasi,1941 355

草海蚋Simulium(Simulium)caohaiense Chen and Zhang,1997 357

昌隆蚋Simulium(Simulium)chamlongi Takaoka and Suzuki,1984 359

喜马拉雅蚋Simulium(Simulium)himalayense Puri,1932 360

卡任蚋Simulium(Simulium)karenkoensis Shiraki,1935 362

黑色蚋Simulium(Simulium)pelius Sun,1994 362

黔蚋Simulium(Simulium)qianense Chen and Chen,2001 363

台湾蚋Simulium(Simulium)taiwanicum Takaoka,1979 365

角突蚋Simulium(Simulium)triangustum An,Gao and Xu,1995 367

亚东蚋Simulium(Simulium)yadongense Deng and Chen,1993 368

脉蚋组Simulium venustum group 370

角逐蚋Simulium(Simulium)aemulum Rubtsov,1940 372

阿拉蚋Simulium(Simulium)arakawae Matsumura,1915 373

曲跗蚋Simulium(Simulium)curvitarse Rubtsov,1940 375

长须蚋Simulium(Simulium)longipalpe Beltyukova,1955 376

短须蚋Simulium(Simulium)morsitans Edwards,1915 377

桑叶蚋Simulium(Simulium)promorsitans Rubtsov,1956 379

新宾蚋Simulium(Simulium)xinbinen Sun,1992 380

蚋亚属未分组蚋种 381

克氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)christophersi Puri,1932 381

赫氏蚋Simulium(Simulium)howletei Puri,1932 383

黑足蚋Simulium(Simulium)peliastrias Sun,1994 385

轮丝蚋Simulium(Simulium)rotifilis Chen Zhang,1998 386

北方蚋Simulium(Simulium)septentriohale Tan et Chow,1976 387

特蚋亚属Subgenus Tetisimulium Rubtsov,1963 389

正直特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)coarctatum Rubtsov,1940 391

沙特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)desertorum Rubtsov,1938 392

冬令特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)hiemalis Rubtsov,1956 394

扣子特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)kozlovi Rubtsov,1940 395

龙岗特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)longgengen Sun,1992 397

塔城特蚋Simulium(Tetisimulium)tachengense An and Maha,1994 398

蛙蚋亚属Subgenus Wallacellum Takaoka,1983 399

那国蛙蚋Simulium(Wallacellum)yonakuniense Takaoka,1972 400

维蚋亚属Subgenus Wilhelmia Enderlein,1921 401

窄叉维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)angustifurca Rubtsov,1956 405

马维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)equinum Linnaeus,1758 406

沼泽维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)lama Rubtsov,1940 408

力行维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)lineatum Meigen,1804 409

北京维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)pekingense Sun,1999 410

伪马维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)pseudequinum Seguy,1921 411

塔城维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)tachengense Maha,An and Yan,1997 413

高桥维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)takahasii Rubtsov,1962 414

沟额维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)veltistshevi Rubtsov,1940 415

乌什维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)wushiense Maha,An and Yan,1997 417

兴义维蚋Simulium(Wilhelmia)xingyiense Chen and Zhang,1998 418

九、中国蚋科修订名录 420

参考文献 427

学名中名对照索引 435

中名索引 443

蚋类形态学名词外文缩写（含符号）说明 448