1 Basic Concepts in Strength of Materials 1
1-1 Objective of this Book—to Ensure Safety 3
1-2 Objectives of this Chapter 5
1-3 Problem-Solving Procedure 6
1-4 Basic Unit Systems 7
1-5 Relationship Among Mass,Force,and Weight 8
1-6 The Concept of Stress 10
1-7 Direct Normal Stress 11
1-8 Stress Elements for Direct Normal Stresses 13
1-9 Direct Shear Stress 15
1-10 Stress Elements for Shear Stresses 19
1-11 Bearing Stress 20
1-12 The Concept of Strain 24
1-13 Poisson's Ratio 24
1-14 Shearing Strain 26
1-15 Modulus of Elasticity 26
1-16 Modulus of Elasticity in Shear 27
1-17 Preferred Sizes and Standard Shapes 27
1-18 Experimental and Computational Stress Analysis 33
Problems 38
2 Design Properties of Materials 44
2-1 Objectives of this Chapter 45
2-2 Metals in Mechanical and Structural Design 45
2-3 Steel 53
2-4 Cast Iron 56
2-5 Aluminum 56
2-6 Copper,Brass,and Bronze 57
2-7 Zinc,Magnesium,and Titanium 58
2-8 Nonmetals in Engineering Design 58
2-9 Wood 59
2-10 Concrete 59
2-11 Plastics 60
2-12 Composites 60
Problems 61
3 Design of Members under Direct Stresses 62
3-1 Objectives of this Chapter 63
3-2 Design of Members under Direct Tension or Compression 63
3-3 Design Normal Stresses 64
3-4 Design Factor 65
3-5 Design Approaches and Guidelines for Design Factors 67
3-6 Methods of Computing Design Stress 70
3-7 Design Shear Stress 72
3-8 Design Bearing Stress 76
3-9 Stress Concentration Factors 78
Problems 80
4 Axial Deformation and Thermal Stress 85
4-1 Objectives of this Chapter 86
4-2 Elastic Deformation in Tension and Compression Members 86
4-3 Deformation Due to Temperature Changes 92
4-4 Thermal Stress 95
4-5 Members Made of More Than One Material 96
Problems 98
5 Torsional Shear Stress and Torsional Deformation 101
5-1 Objectives of this Chapter 103
5-2 Torque,Power,and Rotational Speed 104
5-3 Torsional Shear Stress in Members with Circular Cross Sections 106
5-4 Development of the Torsional Shear Stress Formula 108
5-5 Polar Moment of Inertia for Solid Circular Bars 109
5-6 Torsional Shear Stress and Polar Moment of Inertia for Hollow Circular Bars 110
5-7 Design of Circular Members under Torsion 112
5-8 Comparison of Solid and Hollow Circular Members 115
5-9 Twisting—Elastic Torsional Deformation 118
Problems 126
Computer Assignments 128
6 Shearing Forces and Bending Moments in Beams 129
6-1 Objectives of this Chapter 130
6-2 Beam Loading,Supports,and Types of Beams 131
6-3 Reactions at Supports 139
6-4 Shearing Forces and Bending Moments for Concentrated Loads 141
6-5 Guidelines for Drawing Beam Diagrams for Concentrated Loads 147
6-6 Shearing Forces and Bending Moments for Distributed Loads 150
6-7 General Shapes Found in Bending Moment Diagrams 156
6-8 Shearing Forces and Bending Moments for Cantilever Beams 157
Problems 159
7 Centroids and Moments of Inertia of Areas 161
7-1 Objectives of this Chapter 161
7-2 The Concept of Centroid—Simple Shapes 162
7-3 Centroid of Complex Shapes 163
7-4 The Concept of Moment of Inertia 165
7-5 Moment of Inertia of Composite Shapes whose Parts have the Same Centroidal Axis 168
7-6 Moment of Inertia for Composite Shapes—General Case—Use of the Parallel Axis Theorem 169
7-7 Mathematical Definition of Moment of Inertia 172
7-8 Moment of Inertia for Shapes with all Rectangular Parts 173
7-9 Radius of Gvration 174
Problems 178
Computer Assignments 179
8 Stress Due to Bending 180
8-1 Objectives of this Chapter 182
8-2 The Flexure Formula 183
8-3 Conditions on the Use of the Flexure Formula 186
8-4 Stress Distribution on a Cross Section of a Beam 188
8-5 Derivation of the F1exure Formula 190
8-6 Applications—Beam Analysis 191
8-7 Applications—Beam Design and Design Stresses 194
8-8 Section Modulus and Design Procedures 196
Problems 200
Computer Assignments 205
9 Shearing Stresses in Beams 206
9-1 Objectives of this Chapter 207
9-2 Importance of Shearing Stresses in Beams 209
9-3 The General Shear Formula 210
9-4 Distribution of Shearing Stress in Beams 216
9 5 Development of the General Shear Formula 221
9-6 Special Shear Formulas 224
9-7 Design Shear Stress 228
Problems 229
10 Special Cases of Combined Stresses 232
10-1 Objectives of this Chapter 235
10-2 The Stress Element 235
10-3 Stress Distribution Created by Basic Stresses 237
10-4 Combined Normal Stresses 242
10-5 Combined Normal and Shear Stresses 248
Problems 253
11 The General Case of Combined Stress and Mohr's Circle 257
11-1 Objectives of this Chapter 258
11-2 Creating the Initial Stress Element 258
11-3 Equations for Stresses in Any Direction 261
11-4 Principal Stresses 265
11-5 Maximum Shear Stress 267
11-6 Mohr's Circle for Stress 268
11-7 Special Case in which Both Principal Stresses have the Same Sign 275
11-8 The Maximum Shear Stress Theory of Failure 280
Problems 281
Computer Assignments 282
12 Deflection of Beams 283
12-1 Objectives of this Chapter 285
12-2 The Need for Considering Beam Deflections 286
12-3 Definition of Terms 286
12-4 Beam Deflections Using the Formula Method 289
12-5 Superposition Using Deflection Formulas 294
12-6 Basic Principles for Bearn Deflection by Successive Integration Method 295
12-7 Beam Deflections—Successive Integration Method—General Approach 298
Problems 307
Computer Assignments 308
13 Statically Indeterminate Beams 309
13-1 Objectives of this Chapter 312
13-2 Formulas for Statically Indeterminate Beams 312
13-3 Superposition Method 320
Problems 325
Computer Assignment 328
14 Columns 329
14-1 Objectives of This Chapter 332
14-2 Slenderness Ratio 333
14-3 Transition Slenderness Ratio 336
14-4 The Euler Formula for Long Columns 338
14-5 The J.B.Johnson Formula for Short Columns 338
14-6 Summary—Buckling Formulas 339
14-7 Design Factors for Columns and Allowable Load 341
14-8 Summary—Method of Analyzing Columns 342
14-9 Efficient Shapes for Column Cross Sections 346
Problems 347
Computer Assignments 351
Appendix 352
Answers to Selected Problems 386
教学支持说明 391