网络管理 原理与实践PDF电子书下载

PART 1 Background 1

Chapter 1 Data Communications and Network Management Overview 3

1.1 Analogy of Telephone Network Management 4

1.2 Data(Computer)and Telecommunication Network 7

1.3 Distributed Computing Environments 12

1.4 TCP/IP-Based Networks:The Internet and Intranets 16

1.5 Communications Protocols and Standards 20

1.5.1 Communication Architectures 21

1.5.2 Protocol Layers and Services 26

1.6 Case Histories of Networking and Management 32

1.6.1 Case History 1:The Importance of Topology( The Case of the Footprint ) 32

1.6.2 Case History 2:Filtering Does Not Reduce Load on Node 33

1.6.3 Some Common Network Problems 35

1.7 Challenges of Information Technology Managers 35

1.8 Network Management:Goals,Organization,and Functions 40

1.8.1 Goal of Network Management 40

1.8.3 Network Operations and the NOC 42

1.8.2 Network Provisioning 42

1.8.4 Network Installation and Maintenance 44

1.9 Network and System Management 44

1.10 Network Management System Platform 48

1.11 Current Status and Future of Network Managment 48

Chapter 2 Review of computer Network Technology 55

2.1 Network Topology 56

2.2 Local Area Networks 59

2.2.1 Ethernet 60

2.2.3 Gigabit Ethernet 62

2.2.2 Fast Ethernet 62

2.2.4 Full-Duplex Ethernets 66

2.2.5 Switched Ethernet 67

2.2.6 Virtual LANs 68

2.2.7 Token Ring 69

2.2.8 Fiber Distributed Data Interface 72

2.3 Network Node Components 73

2.3.1 Hubs 74

2.3.2 Bridges 75

2.3.4 Transparent Bridges 78

2.3.3 Remote Bridges 78

2.3.5 Source Routing Bridges 80

2.3.6 Routers 80

2.3.7 Gateways and Protocol Converters 82

2.3.8 Multiprotocol Routers and Tunneling 84

2.3.9 Half-Bridge Configuration of Routers 84

2.3.10 Switches 85

2.4 Wide Area Networks 87

2.5 Transmission Technology 88

2.5.1 Wired Transmission 89

2.5.2 Wireless Transmission Media 90

2.5.3 Transmission Modes 90

2.6 Integrated Services:ISDN,Frame Relay,and Broadband 93

PART 2 SNMP,Broadband,and TMN Management 99

Chapter 3 Basic Foundations: Standards,Models,and Language 101

3.1 Network Management Standards 103

3.2 Network Managememt Model 105

3.3 Organization Model 107

3.4 Information Model 109

3.4.1 Management Information Trees 111

3.4.2 Managed Object Perspectives 112

3.5 Communication Model 116

3.6 Abstract Syntax Notation One:ASN.1 117

3.6.1 Terminology,Symbols,and Conventions 118

3.6.2 Objects and Data Types 123

3.6.3 Object Names 129

3.6.4 An Example of ASN.1 from ISO 8824 130

3.7 Encoding Structure 132

3.8 Macros 133

3.9 Functional Model 135

Chapter 4 SNMPvl Network Management:Organization and Information Models 141

4.1 Managed Network:Case Histories and Examples 143

4.2 The History of SNMP Management 148

4.3 Internet Organizations and Standards 149

4.3.1 Organizations 149

4.3.2 Internet Documents 149

4.4 The SNMP Model 152

4.5 The Organization Model 152

4.6 System Overview 155

4.7 The Information Model 157

4.7.1 Introduction 157

4.7.2 The Structure of Management Information 158

4.7.3 Managed Objects 167

4.7.4 Management Information Base 180

Chapter 5 SNMPvl Network Management:Communication and Functional Madels 203

5.1 The SNMP Communication Model 203

5.1.2 The Administrative Model 204

5.1.1 The SNMP Architecture 204

5.1.3 SNMP Protocol Specifications 208

5.1.4 SNMP Operations 211

5.1.5 The SNMP MIB Group 222

5.2 Functional Model 225

Chapter 6 SNMP Management:SNMPv2 229

6.1 Major Changes in SNMPv2 230

6.2 SNMPv2 System Architecture 231

6.3 SNMPv2 Structure of Management Information 233

6.3.2 Information Modules 236

6.3.1 SMI Definitions for SNMPv2 236

6.3.3 SNMP Keywords 238

6.3.4 Module Definitions 240

6.3.5 Object Definitions 241

6.3.6 Textual Conventions 247

6.3.7 Creation and Deletion of Rows in Tables 252

6.3.8 Notification Definitions 256

6.3.9 Conformance Statements 256

6.4 The SNMPv2 Management Information Base 262

6.4.1 Changes to the System Group in SNMPv2 263

6.4.2 Changes to the SNMP Group in SNMPv2 264

6.4.3 Information for Notification in SNMPv2 266

6.4.4 Conformance Information in SNMPv2 268

6.4.5 Expanded Internet MIB-II 268

6.5 SNMPv2 Protocol 269

6.5.1 The Data Structure of SNMPv2 PDUs 269

6.5.2 SNMPv2 Protocol Operations 272

6.6 Compatibility with SNMPv1 277

6.6.1 The Bilingual Manager 277

6.6.2 The SNMP Proxy Server 278

Chapter 7 SNMP Management:SNMPv3 283

7.1 SNMPv3 Documentation 284

7.2 SNMPv3 Documentation Architecture 285

7.3 Architecture 287

7.3.1 Elements of an Entity 287

7.3.2 Names 289

7.3.3 Abstract Service Interfaces 290

7.4 SNMPv3 Applications 292

7.4.1 The Command Generator 293

7.4.2 The Command Responder 294

7.4.3 The Notification Originator 296

7.4.4 The Notification Receiver 296

7.4.5 The Proxy Forwarder 296

7.5 SNMPv3 Management Information Base 296

7.6 Security 300

7.6.1 Security Threats 300

7.6.2 Security Model 301

7.6.3 Message Format 303

7.7 SNMPv3 User-Based Security Model 305

7.7.1 Authentication Protocols 308

7.7.2 Encryption Protocol 310

7.8 Access Control 311

7.8.1 Elements of the Model 311

7.8.2 The VACM Process 312

7.8.3 A VACM MIB 314

Chapter 8 SNMP Management:RMON 321

8.1 What Is Remote Monitoring? 322

8.2 RMON SNI and MIB 323

8.3 RMON1 325

8.3.1 RMON1 Textual Conventions 325

8.3.2 RMON1 Groups and Functions 326

8.3.3 Relationship Between Control and Data Tables 329

8.3.4 RMON1 Common and Ethernet Groups 329

8.3.5 RMON Token Ring Extension Groups 333

8.4 RMON2 334

8.4.1 The RMON2 Management Information Base 335

8.4.2 RMON2 Conformance Specifications 337

8.5 ATM Remote Monitoring 338

8.6 A Case Study of Internet Traffic Using RMON 341

Chapter 9 Broadband Network Management:ATM Networks 345

9.1 Broadband Networks and Services 345

9.2 ATM Technology 348

9.2.1 Virtual Path-Virtual Circuit 349

9.2.2 ATM Packet Size 351

9.2.3 Integrated Service 351

9.2.5 ATMLAN Emulation 352

9.2.4 WAN/SONET 352

9.2.6 Virtual LAN 356

9.3 ATM Network Management 358

9.3.1 The ATM Network Reference Model 358

9.3.2 The Integrated Local Management Interface 359

9.3.3 The ATM Management Information Base 361

9.3.4 The Role of SNMP and ILMI in ATM Management 361

9.3.5 M1 Interface:Management of ATM Network Element 364

9.3.6 M2 Interface:Management of Private Networks 366

9.3.7 M3 Interface:Customer Network Management of Public Networks 368

9.3.8 M4 Interface:Public Network Management 372

9.3.9 Management of LAN Emulation 381

9.3.10 ATM Digital Exchange Interface Management 383

Chapter 10 Broadband Network Management 387

10.1 Bradband Access Networks and Technologies 388

10.1.1 Broadband Access Networks 388

10.1.2 Broadband Access Technology 390

10.2 HFC Technolgy 391

10.2.1 The Broadband LAN 393

10.2.2 The Cable Modem 394

10.2.3 The Cable Modem Termination System 397

10.2.4 The HFC Plant 397

10.2.5 The RF Spectrum for Cable Modem 397

10.3 Data Over Cable Reference Architecture 399

10.4 HFC Management 401

10.4.1 Cable Modem and CMTS Management 402

10.4.2 HFC Link Management 407

10.4.3 RF Spectrum Management 407

10.5 DSL Technology 408

10.6 Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Technology 409

10.6.1 Rloe of the ADSL Access Network in an Overall Network 411

10.6.2 ADSL Architecture 413

10.6.3 ADSL Channeling Schemes 414

10.6.4 ADSL Encoding Shemes 415

10.7 ADSL Management 415

10.7.1 ADSL Network Management Elements 417

10.7.2 ADSL Configuration Management 417

10.7.3 ADSL Fault Management 419

10.7.5 SNMP-Based ADSL Line MIB 420

10.7.4 ADSL Performance Management 420

10.7.6 MIB Integration with Interfaces Groups in MIB-2 422

10.7.7 ADSL Configuration Profiles 423

Chapter 11 Telecommunications Management Network 429

11.1 Why TMN? 430

11.2 Operations Systems 431

11.3 TMN Conceptual Model 433

11.4 TMN Standards 435

11.5.1 Functional Architecture 438

11.5 TMN Architecture 438

11.5.2 Physical Architecture 441

11.5.3 Information Architecture 442

11.6 TMN Management Service Architecture 443

11.7 An Integrated View of TMN 445

11.8 Implementation Issues 446

PART 3 Management Tools,Systems,and Applications 453

Chapter 12 Network Management Tools and Systems 455

12.1.1 Tools Catalog 457

12.1 Network Management Tools 457

12.1.2 Bit Error Rate Tester 461

12.1.3 Basic Software Tools 462

12.1.4 SNMP MIB Tools 469

12.1.5 The Protocol Analyzer 472

12.2 Network Statistics Measurement Systems 474

12.2.1 Traffic Load Monitoring 475

12.2.2 Protocol Statistics 475

12.2.3 Data and Error Statistics 477

12.2.4 Using MRTG to Collect Traffic Statistics 477

12.3 History of Enterprise Management 479

12.4 Network Management Systems 480

12.4.1 Functional Components 480

12.4.2 Multiple NMS Configuration 482

12.4.3 Network Management System Requirements 483

12.5 Commercial Network Management Systems 488

12.5.1 Hewlett-Packard s Open View Network Node Manager 489

12.5.2 Cabletron s Spectrum Platform 490

12.5.3 Sun Network Management Systems Family 493

12.6 System Management 494

12.6.1 High-End System Management 495

12.6.2 Low-End System Management 495

12.7 Enterprise Management Solutions 496

12.7.1 Computer Associates Unicenter TNG 496

12.7.2 Tivoli Enterprise Manager 497

Chapter 13 Network Management Applications 501

13.1 Configuration Management 504

13.1.1 Network Provisioning 505

13.1.3 Network Topology 506

13.1.2 Inventory Management 506

13.2 Fault Management 509

13.2.1 Fault Detection 510

13.2.2 Fault Location and Isolation Techniques 510

13.3 Performance Management 510

13.3.1 Performance Metrics 511

13.3.2 Data Monitoring 512

13.3.3 Problem Isolation 513

13.3.4 Performance Statistics 513

13.4 Event Correlation Techniques 514

13.4.1 Rule-Based Reasoning 515

13.4.2 Model-Based Reasoning 517

13.4.3 Case-Based Reasoning 519

13.4.4 Codebook Correlation Model 522

13.4.5 State Transition Graph Model 527

13.4.6 Finite State Machine Model 529

13.5 Security Management 530

13.5.1 Policies and Procedures 531

13.5.2 Security Breaches and the Resources Needed to Prevent Them 532

13.5.3 Firewalls 533

13.5.4 Cryptography 535

13.5.5 Authentication and Authorization 541

13.5.6 Client/Server Authentication Systems 541

13.5.7 Message Transfer Security 543

13.5.8 Protection of Networks from Virus Attacks 548

13.6 Accounting Management 548

13.7 Report Management 549

13.8 Policy-Based Management 550

13.9 Service Level Management 552

Chapter 14 Web-based Management 557

14.1 NMS with Web Interface and Web-Based Management 559

14.2 Web Interface to SNMP Management 560

14.3 Embedded Wed-Based Management 562

14.4 Desktop Management Interface 563

14.5 Web-Based Enterprise Management 566

14.6 WBEM:Windows Management Instrumentation 570

14.7 Java Management Extensions 571

14.7.1 Service-Driven Network 571

14.7.2 Java Dynamic Management Kit 572

14.7.3 JMX Architecture 574

14.8 Management of a Storage Area Network:The Jiro Platform 575

14.9 Future Directions 576

Appendix A OSI Network and System Management 579

A.1 OSI Management Standards 580

A.2 System Overview 580

A.3 Organization Model 584

A.4 Information Model 584

A.4.1 Structure of Management Information 584

A.4.2 Managed Object Class and Instance 585

A.4.3 Inheritance 587

A.4.4 Management Information Trees 588

A.4.5 Guidelines for Definition of Managed Object Templates 590

A.5 The Communication Model 592

A.5.1 System Management Application Entity 592

A.6 Application Functions Management 595

Appendix B Project Suggestions 599

B.1 Project Structure and Evaluation 599

B.2 Projects 600