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CONTENTS 1

编者的话 1

1．ELECTRICAL UNITS 1

2．FUNDAMENTAL UNITS 5

2—1 The Structure of Matter 6

2—2 Electric Current 9

2—3 Unit of Current:The Ampere 10

2—4 Resistance:The Ohm 12

2—5 Potential Difference and Electromotive Force:The Volt 13

2—6 Measurement of Current,Voltage,and Re-sistance 15

3．DIRECT-CURRENT CIRCUITS 17

3—1 Series Circuits:Current Relations 18

3—2 Series Circuits:Voltage Relations 19

3—3 Parallel Circuits:Voltage Relations 21

3—4 Parallel Circuits:Current Relations 22

3—5 Ohm’s Law 23

3—6 Applying Ohm’s Law 25

3—7 Resistance in a Serics Circuit 27

3—8 Resistance of a Parallel Circuit 27

3—9 Scries-Parallel Circuits 31

3—10 Temperature Coefficient of Resistance 33

3—11 Line Drop 35

3—12 Kirchhoff’s Laws 37

3—13 Work 38

3—14 Energy 39

3—15 Mechanical Power 40

3—16 Electric Power 42

3—17 Electric Work and Energy 44

3—18 Measurement of Electric Power and Energy 46

3—19 Line Loss 48

3—20 Three-Wire Distribution Circuits 49

4．MAGNETISM 54

4—1 Magnets and Magnetic Materials 54

4—2 Magnetic Fields and Lines of Force 55

4—3 Magnetic Attraction and Repulsion 58

4—4 Nature of Magnetism 59

4—5 Field around a Current-Carrying Conductor 60

4—6 Field around a Coil 62

4—7 Magnetomotive Force or MMF 64

4—8 Electromagnets 64

5．ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION 68

4—9 Saturation 68

5—1 Induced EMF 69

5—2 Factors Affecting the Amount of Induced EMF 70

5—3 Faraday’s Law of Induction 71

5—4 Numerical Value of Induced EMF 71

5—5 Direction of Induced EMF 72

5—6 Lenz’s Law of Induction 73

5—7 Self-induced EMF:Inductance 74

5—8 Self-induction in a Coil 75

5—9 Mutual Induction 77

6．ALTERNATING CURRENT 79

6—1 Generation of an Alternating EMF 81

6—2 Alternating Current 83

6—4 Electrical Degrees:A Measure of Time 84

6—3 Cycle;Frequency 84

6—5 Effective Values of Alternating Current and EMF 86

6—6 Average Value of Alternating EMFs and Currents 87

6—7 Phase Relations 88

6—8 Phasor(Vector)Diagrams 90

6—11 Properties of an Electric Circuit 90

6—9 Addition of Phasors 93

6—10 Substraction of Phasors 98

6—12 Resistance in an AC Circuit 100

6—13 Inductance 101

6—14 Inductive Reactance 102

6—15 Capacitors 105

6—17 Capacitors in Parallel 108

6—16 Capacitors in Series 108

6—18 Action of a Capacitor in an AC Circuit 109

6—19 Capacitive Reactance 110

6—20 Reactance 112

6—21 Impedance 112

6—22 Graphical Representation of Resistance,Reactance,and Impedance 114

6—23 Complex Quantity Notation for Phasor Representation 116

7．SINGLE-PHASE CIRCUITS 124

7—1 Power and Power Factor 124

7—2 Current and Voltage Relations in SeriesCircuits 127

7—3 Resistance and Inductance in Series 128

7—4 Resistance and Capacitance in Series 130

7—5 Resistance,Inductance,and Capacitance in Series 132

7—6 Impedance in Series 134

7—7 Series Resonance 135

7—8 Parallel Circuits 137

7—9 Parallel Resonance 141

7—10 Power-Factor Correction 142

8．THREE-PHASE CIRCUITS 145

8—1 Reasons for Use of Three-phase Circuits 145

8—2 Generation of Three-phase Voltages 146

8—3 Voltage Relations in a Wye-connected Gen-erator 147

8—4 Current Relations in a Wye-connected Generator 150

8—5 Voltage Relations in a Delta-connected Generator 150

8—6 Current Relations in a Delta-connected Generator 151

8—7 Three-phase Power 152

8—8 Wye-and Delta-connected Loads 154

9．ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS AND ELECTRI-CAL MEASUREMENTS 158

9—1 Galvanometers 159

9—2 The Permanent-Magnet Moving-Coil Instrument 161

9—3 DC Voltmeters 164

9—4 DC Ammeters 164

9—5 Moving-Iron Vane Instruments 166

9—6 Electrodynamometer Voltmeters and Ammeters 168

9—7 Power Measurements 170

9—8 The Varmeter 174

9—9 Energy Measurements in AC Circuits 175

9—10 Power-Factor Meter 179

9—11 Phase-Angle Meters 180

9—12 Measuremcnt of Resistance:Voltmeter-Am-meter Method 182

9—13 Wheatstone Bridge 184

9—14 Insulation Resistance 187

9—15 Measurement of Resistance:Voltmcter Method 188

9—16 The Megger Insulation Tester 190

9—17 The Ohmmeter 194

1．电学单位 196

参考译文 196

2．基本单位 200

2-1 物质结构 201

2-2　电流 203

2-3　电流单位：安培 203

2-4　电阻：欧姆 204

2-5　电势差和电动势：伏特 205

2-6　电流、电压和电阻的测量 207

3．直流电路 208

3-1　串联电路：电流的关系 208

3-2　串联电路：电压的关系 209

3-3　并联电路：电压的关系 210

3-5　欧姆定律 211

3-4　并联电路：电流的关系 211

3-6　欧姆定律的运用 213

3-7　串联电路里的电阻 215

3-8　并联电路里的电阻 215

3-9　串并联电路 218

3-10　电阻的温度系数 220

3-11　线路电压降 221

3-12　基尔霍夫定律 223

3-13　功 224

3-14　能 224

3-15　机械功率 225

3-16　电功率 226

3-17　电功和电能 228

3-18　电功率和电能的量测 230

3-19　线路损耗 231

3-20　三线配电线路 232

4．磁 235

4-1　磁铁和磁性材料 235

4-2　磁场和磁力线 236

4-3　磁吸引和磁推斥 237

4-4　磁的特性 238

4-5　载流导线周围的磁场 239

4-6　线圈周围的磁场 240

4-7　磁动势 240

4-8 电磁铁 241

4-9　饱和 242

5．电磁感应 243

5-1　感应电动势 243

5-3　法拉第感应定律 244

5-2　影响感应电动势数值的诸因素 244

5-4　感应电动势的数值 245

5-5　感应电动势的方向 245

5-6　楞兹感应定律 246

5-7　自感电动势：电感 246

5-8　线圈的自感 247

5-9　互感 248

6．交流电 250

6-1　交流电动势的产生 251

6-2　交流电 252

6-3　周期；频率 253

6-4　电角度：时间的一种度量单位 253

6-5　交变电流和电动势的有效值 254

6-7　相位关系 255

6-6　交流电动势和电流的平均值 255

6-8　相矢量（矢量）图 256

6-9　相矢量的相加 258

6-10　相矢量的相减 262

6-11　电路的参量 263

6-12　交流电路里的电阻 263

61-3　电感 264

6-14 感抗 264

6-15　电容器 267

6-16　串联电容器 269

6-17　并联电容器 269

6-18　电容器在交流电路里的作用 269

6-19　容抗 270

6-20　电抗 271

6-21 阻抗 272

6-22　电阻、电抗和阻抗的图示法 273

6-23　相矢量的复数表示法 274

7．单相电路 280

7-1　功率和功率因数 280

7-2　串联电路里电流和电压的关系 282

7-3 电阻和电感的串联 283

7-4　电阻和电容的串联 285

7-5　电阻、电感和电容的串联 286

7-6　串联阻抗 287

7-7　串联谐振 288

7-8　并联电路 289

7-9　并联谐振 293

7-10　功率因数补偿 293

8-1　采用三相电路的原因 295

8．三相电路 295

8-2　三相电压的产生 296

8-3　星形连接发电机的电压关系 296

8-4　星接发电机里的电流关系 298

8-5　三角形连接发电机里的电压关系 298

8-6　三角形接法发电机里的电流关系 299

8-7　三相功率 299

8-8　星接和三角接法负载 302

9．电测仪表和电测量 305

9-1　检流计 305

9-2　永磁动圈式仪表 306

9-3 流伏特计 307

9-4　直流安培计 308

9-5　动铁叶片式仪表 309

9-6 电动力式伏特计和安培计 310

9-7　功率量测 311

9-8　无功伏安计 312

9-9　交流电路里能量的量测 313

9-10　功率因数计 315

9-11　相角计 316

9-12 电阻的量测：伏特计-安培计法 317

9-13　惠斯顿电桥 318

9-14　绝缘电阻 319

9-15　电阻的量测：伏特计法 320

9-16　兆欧计 321

9-17　欧姆计 323

总词汇表 324