材料力学 英文版PDF电子书下载

1 Introduction 1

1.1 The Task of Mechanics of Materials 1

1.2 Basic Assumptions of Deformable Solid Bodies 2

1.3 Geometrical Characteristics of the Members 3

1.4 Analysis of Internal Forces;Stress 4

1.5 Basic Forms of Rod Deformation 7

2 Axially Loaded Bars 9

2.1 Introduction 9

2.2 Internal Forces 9

2.3 Stresses on Cross-sections and Oblique-sections 11

2.4 Axial Deformation;Normal Strain 17

2.5 Stress-strain Diagram in Tensile Test 18

2.6 Stress-strain Diagram in Compressive Test 24

2.7 Deformations of Rods under Axial Loading;Hooke's Law 26

2.8 Allowable Stress;Factor of Safety 30

2.9 Statically Indeterminate Problems 34

2.10 Problems Involving Manufacture Errors and Temperature Changes 39

2.11 Stress Concentrations 44

Problems 47

3 Shearing and Bearing 56

3.1 Introduction 56

3.2 Shear Stress 57

3.3 Bearing Stress 58

Problems 66

4 Torsion 71

4.1 Introduction 71

4.2 Torsion of Circular Shafts 72

4.3 Design of Transmission Shafts 76

4.4 Angle of Twist in the Elastic Range;Design of Transmission Shafts for Stiffness 81

4.5 Statically Indeterminate Shafts 85

4.6 Torsion of Noncircular Members 88

4.7 Thin-walled Hollow Shafts 90

Problems 94

5 Shear and Moment in Beams 99

5.1 Introduction 99

5.2 Supports and Loads 100

5.3 Shear and Bending-moment Diagrams 101

5.4 Relations among Load,Shear,and Bending Moment 107

5.5 Moving Loads 114

5.6 Internal-Force Diagrams of Rigid Frames and Curved Bars 118

Problems 120

6 Stresses in Beams 124

6.1 Introduction 124

6.2 Bending Stresses in Prismatic Beams in Pure Bending 124

6.3 Economic Sections 136

6.4 Shear Stress in Beams 139

6.5 Design for Flexure and Shear 148

6.6 Design of Fasteners in Built-up Beams 151

6.7 Shear Flow in Thin-Walled Beams 153

6.8 Shear Center 155

6.9 Unsymmetrical Bending 160

6.10 Beams of Constant Strength 165

Problems 168

7 Deflection of Beams 179

7.1 Introduction 179

7.2 Equation of the Elastic Curve;Double Integration Method 179

7.3 Method of Superposition 186

7.4 Statically Indeterminate Beams 193

7.5 Deflection of Beams in Unsymmetric Bending 202

Problems 205

8 Transformations of Stress and Strain 211

8.1 Introduction 211

8.2 Preliminary Discussion of Transformation of Stress 212

8.3 Transformation of Plane Stress 214

8.4 Mohr's Circle for Plane Stress 222

8.5 Absolute Maximum Shear Stress 228

8.6 Theories of Failure 231

8.7 Transformation of Strain;Mohr's Circle for Strain 239

8.8 The Strain Rosette 246

8.9 Multiaxial Loading;Generalized Hooke's Law 249

Problems 254

9 Stresses due to Combined Loads 260

9.1 Introduction 260

9.2 Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels 260

9.3 Combined of Axial and Lateral Loads 264

9.4 Eccentric Axial Loading 267

9.5 Combination of Torsion and Bending;Design of Transmission Shafts 278

Problems 281

10 Energy Method 288

10.1 Introduction 288

10.2 Strain Energy and Strain Energy Density 288

10.3 Impact Loading 299

10.4 Design for Impact Loading 303

10.5 Work and Energy under Several Loads;Maxwell's Reciprocal Theorem 306

10.6 Castigliano's Theorem 309

10.7 Statically Indeterminate Structures 314

Problems 317

11 Columns 324

11.1 Introduction 324

11.2 Euler's Formula for Pin-Ended Columns 326

11.3 Extension of Euler's Formula to Columns with Other End Conditions 329

11.4 Applicability of Euler's Formula;Critical Stress Diagram 334

11.5 Discount-Coefficient Method 342

11.6 Optimization of Column Design for Stability 348

Problems 354

Appendix A Moments of Areas 361

A.1 First moment of an area;Centriod 361

A.2 Determination of the first moment and centroid of a composite area 363

A.3 Second moment,or moment of inertia,of an area;Radius of gyration 366

A.4 Parallel-axis theorem 369

A.5 Determination of the moment of interia of a composite area 370

A.6 Product of inertia for an area 372

A.7 Moments of inertia for an area about inclined axes 375

A.8 Mohr's circle for moments of inertia 378

Problems 384

Appendix B Typical Properties of Selected Materials Used in Engineering 388

Appendix C Properties of Rolled-Steel Shapes 390

ANSWERS 403