INTERNATIONAL TRADE（THEORY&POLICY）PDF电子书下载

1．THEORY OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 The Mercantilists'Views on Trade 1

1.3 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage:Adam Smith 2

1.4 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage:David Ricardo 5

1.5 Ricardo's Constant Opportunity Costs and the Production-Possibilities Curve 7

1.6 Increasing Costs and the production-Possibilities Curve 10

2．THEORY OF FACTOR ENDOWENT----H-O THEORY 17

2.1 Introduction 17

2.2 Assumptions of the Theory 17

2.3 Factor Intensity and Factor Abundance 18

2.4 Factor Endowments and the H-O Theory 19

2.5 Empirical Tests of the H-O Model 22

3．THEORY OF ECONOMIES OF SCALE&- 29

3.1 Introduction 29

3.2 The Basic Principle of Economies of Scale 29

3.3 Economies of Scale and International Trade 31

3.4 The Significance of Intra-industry Trade(IIT) 33

4．THEORY OF PRODUCT CYCLE 42

5．THEORY OF DEMAND AND INCOMES 47

5.1 Introduction 47

5.2 Different Tastes as a Basis for Trade 47

5.3 Income(Preference-Similar)Theory of Trade 49

6．THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE ON A NATIONAL ECONOMY 52

6.1 Introduction 52

6.1 Determination of the World Prices 52

6.2 Reciprocal Demands,Offer Curve and Terms of Trade 55

6.3 The Gains from Trade 56

6.4 Impacts of Trade on the Prices of Factors 60

7 ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE 73

7.1 Introduction 73

7.1 Classifying the Trade Effects of Economic Growth 73

7.2 Sources of growth and the Production Possibilities Curve 76

7.3 Factor Growth and Trade in the Small Country Case 79

7.4 Growth and Trade in the Large Country Case 81

7.5 Growth and the Terms of Trade:a Third World Perspective 83

8 THE BASIS ANALYSIS OF A TARIFF 88

8.1 Introduction 88

8.1 Definition 88

8.2 The Impact of an Import Tariff:the Small Country Case 89

8.3 The Impact of an Import Tariff:the Large Country Case 93

8.4 "Nominal"versus"Effective"Tariff Rates 97

8.5 Other Features of Tariff Schedules 99

9 NON-TARIFF BARRIERS 107

9.1 Introduction 107

9.1 The Import Quotas 107

9.2 "Voluntary"Export Restraints(VERs) 112

9.3 Other Nontariff Barriers to Free Trade 113

1O OTHER INSTRUMENTS OF TRADE POLICY 121

10.1 Introduction 121

10.1 Export Taxes 129

10.2 Export Subsidy 123

10.3 Dumping and Antidumping 126

11 Traditional Arguments for Protection 138

11.1 Introduction 138

11.1 The infant Industry Argument 138

11.2 Employment Argument 140

11.3 The Terms of Trade Argument 143

11.4 The Balance of Trade Argument 144

11.5 National defense Argument 145

12 New Protectionism Theories 152

12.1 Introduction 152

12.1 Tariff to Extract Foreign Monopoly Profit 152

12.2 The Strategic Trade Policy 154

13 Economic Integration 166

13.1 Introduction 166

13.2 The Theory of Economic Integration 166

13.3 History of Attempts of Economic Integration 173

14 INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 181

14.1 Introduction 181

14.2 Definitions 181

14.3 Development of Foreign Direct Investment 182

14.4 Reasons for International Movement of Capital 184

14.5 The Contribution of the Multinational Enterprise to the World Economy 186

14.6 Potenial Benefits and Costs of FDI to a Host Country 187

15 INTERNATIONAL LABOR MOBILITY 197

15.1 Introduction 197

15.2 Impacts of Migration:a Case of Market Perfection 197

15.3 Impacts of Migration:a Case of Market Imperfection 199

15.4 Impacts of Migration on Trade 200

15.5 Arguments about Labor Movement 201

参考资料 208