WRITINGS ON THE POOR LAWS VOLUME IIPDF电子书下载

PAUPER MANAGEMENT IMPROVED 1

BOOK Ⅰ. PLAN OF A COMPANY， FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF THE CONCERNS OF THE POOR ALL OVER ENGLAND 3

Ⅰ. General Authority 3

Ⅱ. Constitution 3

Ⅲ. Funds， or Assets 5

Ⅳ. Coercive Powers 5

Ⅴ. Obligations 6

Ⅵ. Collateral Powers 9

Ⅶ. Restraints 10

Ⅷ. Director’s Oath 11

Ⅸ. Sources of Profit 12

Ⅹ. Capital Requisite 16

Ⅺ. Terms with the Public 19

Ⅻ. Provision for Existing Interests 21

BOOK Ⅱ. PLAN OF MANAGEMENT 23

Chapter Ⅰ. Classes Mustered 23

General Review 57

Chapter Ⅱ. Separation and Association 61

Chapter Ⅲ. Buildings and Land 75

Ⅰ. Quantum 75

Ⅱ. Size， Number and Distribution 84

Ⅲ. Land 95

Ⅳ. Building Plan 95

Chapter Ⅳ. Management Rules 112

Introductory Observations 112

Ⅰ. Managing Hands —Means 112

Ⅱ. Managers—Motives 115

Ⅲ. Employ Hands—Means 119

Ⅳ. Employ Hands—Motives 123

Ⅴ. Relief 131

Ⅵ. Dead Stock 132

Chapter Ⅴ. Offcial Establishment 136

Chapter Ⅵ. Of Diet 139

Ⅰ. Of Diet—Considered with respect to physical exigency—habit and fashion out of the question 140

Ⅱ. Diet—Habit and Fashion taken into the account 142

Chapter Ⅶ. Cloathing， Bedding &c. 144

Chapter Ⅷ. Of Employment 144

Ⅰ. Self-supply sufficient， if compleat 145

Ⅱ. Government-War-supply 147

Ⅲ. Miscellaneous sources 149

Chapter Ⅸ. Child-Nursing 151

Chapter Ⅹ. Book-keeping 151

Books， Uses General 151

Chapter Ⅺ. Appropriate Establishments 153

Ⅰ. Insane 154

Ⅱ. Deaf and Dumb 160

Ⅲ. Blind 163

Ⅳ. Cripples 166

Ⅴ. Conclusion 166

Chapter Ⅻ. Pauper Education 167

Ⅰ. Education in general 167

Ⅱ. Subject Matter： Occupations 171

Ⅲ. Positions 177

Ⅳ. Intellectual Occupations 181

Ⅴ. Studies Useless 183

Ⅵ. Studies Useful 187

BOOK Ⅲ. COLLATERAL BENEFITS 197

Chapter Ⅰ. Employment secured 197

Chapter Ⅱ. Mendicity extirpated 210

Ⅰ. Compulsion necessary 210

Ⅱ. Mendicitatis Mala 210

Ⅲ. Powers accordingly 214

Ⅳ. Time of Detention 216

Ⅴ. Probation Period 218

Ⅵ. Beggars Who？ 218

Ⅶ. Almsgivers exempt 219

Ⅷ. Jus existens 220

Chapter Ⅲ. Habitual Depredation extirpated 233

Ⅰ. Compulsion necessary 233

Ⅱ. Evidence 235

Ⅲ. Families 240

Ⅳ. Jus existens 244

Ⅴ. Other Plans’ inefficaciousness 246

Chapter Ⅳ. Temporary Indigence relieved 247

Chapter Ⅴ. Frugality assisted 248

Chapter Ⅵ. Pecuniary Remittance facilitated to the Poor 249

Chapter Ⅶ . Distant Conveyance facilitated to the Poor 249

Chapter Ⅷ . Imprisonment rendered unexpensive and reformative 249

Chapter Ⅸ. Domestic Morality enforced 249

Chapter Ⅹ. National Force strengthened without Expence 250

Chapter Ⅺ. nfant Mortality diminished 250

Chapter Ⅻ. Useful Knowledge augmented and disseminated 253

Chapter ⅩⅢ. Voluntary Charity assisted 253

BOOK IV. PAUPER COMFORTS 259

Ⅰ. Introduction 259

Ⅱ. Comforts of Course 260

Ⅲ. Appropriate Comforts：—or Comforts exclusively or particularly applicable to particular classes 260

Ⅳ. Extra-Comforts. Species or Funds 262

Ⅴ. Apprentices 266

BOOK V. FINANCIAL GROUNDS 272

Chapter Ⅰ. Numbers for which provision is to be made 272

Ⅰ. Natural Stock 272

Ⅱ. Accumulation Stock 292

Chapter Ⅱ. Pecuniary Estimates 309

Estimate Defended 309

Chapter Ⅲ. Provision for existing Interests 321

Chapter Ⅳ. Advantages to Government 321

Chapter Ⅴ. Prospect of Success 322

Ⅰ. General Expence [and] General Returns 322

Ⅱ. Advantages that would be possessed by the proposedscheme of Management， in comparison with privatemanagement on the one hand， and Governmentmanagement on the other 325

Ⅲ. Objections to the probability of so much of the profit asdepends upon the Apprentice plan 334

Ⅳ. Concluding Observations 374

Chapter Ⅵ. Deciencies in Subscription Capital， how supplyable 379

BOOK Ⅵ. CONSTITUTION DEFENDED 383

Chapter Ⅰ. Company One 383

Ⅰ. Options 383

Ⅱ. Advantages Sacrificed 385

Chapter Ⅱ. Company， not Government 395

Ⅰ. Common Advantages 395

Ⅱ. Government Advantages 395

Ⅲ. Company’s Advantages. 1. Eligibility 396

Ⅳ. Company’s Advantages. 2. Feasibility 404

Chapter Ⅲ. Authorities unconnected， as well as uninterested， still more incompetent 405

APPENDICES TO PAUPER MANAGEMENT IMPROVED 409

APPENDIX A 409

Employ 409

Ⅰ. Employ Improper 409

Ⅱ. Employ Proper—Rules 422

Ⅲ. Employ Proper—Own Supply 433

APPENDIX B Anti-scarcity Magazines 439

APPENDIX C Royal Society. Numbers—Math[ematics] 442

Ⅰ. Definitions 442

Ⅱ. Assumptions， or Positions assumed 445

Ⅲ. Propositions 449

APPENDIX D Joint-Stock—Why 454

APPENDIX E Unsent Letter（s） to Arthur Young 459

SITUATION AND RELIEF OF THE POOR 467

Pauper Population Table between 470 and 471

Observations on the Pauper Population Table hereunto annexed 471

Table of Cases calling for Relief between 476 and 477

Observations on the Table of Cases calling for Relief， hereto annexed 477

Outline of the Non-Adult Value Table 478

OUTLINE OF A WORK ENTITLED PAUPER MANAGEMENT IMPROVED 487

Table of Contents 487

BOOK I. POLITICAL ARRANGEMENTS 488

Ⅰ. Managing Authority 488

Ⅱ. General Scheme of Provision 488

Ⅲ. Ways and Means 489

Ⅳ. Constitution 490

Ⅴ. Coercive Powers 491

Ⅵ. Land-purchasing Powers 491

Ⅶ. Obligations 492

Ⅷ. Restraints 493

Ⅸ. Order of the Dividends 494

Ⅹ. Provision for existing Interests 495

Ⅺ. Director’s Oath 495

BOOK Ⅱ. PLAN OF MANAGEMENT 497

Chapter Ⅱ. Separation and Aggregation 497

Chapter Ⅲ. Buildings and Land 500

Ⅰ. Size， number， and distribution of the Industry houses 500

Ⅱ. Plan of an Industry House， with its Appurtenances 502

Ⅲ. Approach and out-lying Cottages 508

Ⅳ. Means of Separation 509

Ⅴ. Means of extension 511

Chapter Ⅳ. Principles of Management 514

Ⅰ. Managing Hands. —Means 514

Ⅱ. Managing Hands.—Motives 515

Ⅲ. Working Hands. —Employment 518

Ⅳ. Working Hands. —Motives 521

Ⅴ. Working Hands.—Fare 524

Ⅵ. Dead-Stock 525

Ⅶ. Non -Adult Hands 526

Chapter Ⅴ. Official Establishment 528

Ⅰ. Officers.—Numbers and Functions 528

Ⅱ. Pay 528

Ⅲ. Powers and Restraints 528

Ⅳ. Encouragements 530

Ⅴ. Visitors 530

Chapter Ⅵ. Diet 530

Chapter Ⅶ. Cloathing， Bedding &c. 534

Chapter Ⅷ. Employment 536

Chapter Ⅸ. Child-nursing 540

Chapter Ⅹ. Book-keeping 541

Chapter Ⅺ. Appropriate Establishments 549

Chapter Ⅻ. Pauper Education 550

BOOK Ⅲ. COLLATERAL BENEFITS 560

Introduction 560

Chapter Ⅰ. Employment secured 561

Chapter Ⅱ. Mendicity extirpated 568

1. Compulsion indispensable 568

2. Compulsion justifiable 569

3. Plan for the Apprehension of Beggars 570

4. Provision after Discharge 571

5. Evasions obviated 572

6. Almsgivers unpunishable 572

7. Exisiting Remedies incompetent 572

Chapter Ⅲ. Habitual Depredation extirpated 575

1. Compulsion indispensable 575

2. Proof of Habitual Depredation 576

3. Families of the Disreputable Classes 577

4. Efficiency of this Plan 578

5. Ulterior securities 579

6. Existing Law incompetent 580

Chapter Ⅳ. Temporary Indigence relieved 580

Chapter Ⅴ. Frugality assisted 582

1. Exigencies， operating as efficient causes， or sources of demand， for funds in store， in the sphere of life in question， viz. that of the self-maintaining poor 582

2. Sources of funds in store 584

3. Difficulty of Hoarding 585

4. Properties to be wished for in a System of Frugality- Banks 586

5. Plan for a System of Frugality-Banks 587

6. Friendly-SocietyBanks inadequate 589

7. Exigencies to which the Company’s Bank is least competent 601

Chapter Ⅵ. Pecuniary Remittance facilitated to the Poor 606

Chapter Ⅶ.Distant Conveyance facilitated to the Poor 607

Chapter Ⅷ. Imprisonment rendered unexpensive and reformative 609

Chapter Ⅸ. Domestic Morality enforced 611

Chapter Ⅹ. National Force strengthened without Expence 613

1. Land Force 613

2. Naval Force 615

3. Naval Timber 616

Chapter Ⅺ. Rate of Infant Mortality diminished 617

Chapter Ⅻ. Useful Knowledge augmented and disseminated 624

Chapter ⅩⅢ. Voluntary Charity assisted and directed 632

BOOK Ⅳ. PAUPER COMFORTS 637

1. Introduction 637

2. Comforts of Course， extended to all Classes： together with the several Points of Management from which， as from their Effcient Causes， they may respectively be expected 637

3. Appropriate Comforts； extended by special Care to Classes ordinarily bereft of them 644

4. Extra-comforts：—to be imparted to more or fewer， according to Claims， Means， and Opportunities 645

5. Funds and Grounds of Title [in regard to] Extra- comforts 647

6. Company’s Apprentices—their Condition in Point of Comfort 649

APPENDICES TO OUTLINE OF A WORK ENTITLED PAUPER MANAGEMENT IMPROVED 663

APPENDIX F Classes Mustered 663

APPENDIX G Education Intellectual 671

APPENDIX H Management， why in one Authority， not several 678

APPENDIX I Management， why in a Company， not Government 682

APPENDIX J Letter to an unidentified periodical 684

COLLATION 694

INDEX OF SUBJECTS 697

INDEX OF NAMES 807