A SHORT HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NATION THIRD EDITIONPDF电子书下载

1 THE AGE OF DISCOVERY AND SETTLEMENT 1

Columbus and the Discovery of America 1

The Indian and the European 6

The Spanish Decline 7

English Beginnings in America 8

The Settlement of Virginia 9

The Pilgrims of Plymouth Plantation 11

Massachusetts Bay Puritans 12

Other New England Colonies 13

French and Dutch Settlements 14

Maryland and the Carolinas 14

The Middle Colonies 16

The Settlement of Georgia 17

2 THE COLONIAL WORLD 19

An American Civilization 19

The Colonial Family 20

Southern Land and Labor 21

Agriculture in the South 24

Southern Intellectual and Religious Trends 6

Agriculture in the North 28

Northern Manufacturing and Commerce 28

Land and Labor in the North 30

The Impact of Puritanism 32

The Great Awakening 34

The Impact of the Enlightenment 36

Social Mobility 37

Sectional Conflicts 38

3 AMERICA AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE 41

The British Colonial System 41

The Theory of Mercantilism 43

The Navigation Acts 43

The Effects of Mercantilism 45

Early Colonial Wars 46

The Great War for the Empire 47

Postwar Problems 50

Tightening Imperial Controls 51

Beginnings of the Great Debate 52

The Stamp Act Crisis 54

The Declaratory Act 56

The Townshend Acts 56

The Tea Act Crisis 57

Colonies in Revolt 58

4 THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 62

"The Shot Heard Round the World" 62

The Second Continental Congress 63

The Great Declaration 64

1776: The Balance of Forces 66

Forming State Governments 68

Social Reform 69

Financing the Revolution 71

Saratoga and the French Alliance 71

The War in the South 74

Victory at Yorktown 74

The Articles of Confederation 75

The Peace of Paris 75

Growth of American Nationalism 77

The Great Land Ordinances 78

National Heroes 79

A National Culture 80

5 NATIONALISM TRIUMPHANT 82

Western Tensions 82

Foreign Trade 83

Inflation and Deflation 84

Drafting the Constitution 85

The Philadelphia Convention 86

The Settlement 86

Ratification of the Constitution 89

Washington as President 90

The Bill of Rights 91

Hamilton and Financial Reform 92

Foreign Problems 94

Jay's Treaty 96

Federalism Victorious 96

6 JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY 98

Thomas Jefferson: Political Theorist 98

Federalists and Republicans 99

Washington's Farewell 100

Election of 1796 101

The XYZ Affair 101

Alien and Sedition Acts 102

Election of 1800 103

The Federalist Contribution 104

Jefferson as President 104

Attack on the Judiciary 105

The Barbary Pirates 106

The Louisiana Purchase 107

Federalism Discredited 108

Lewis and Clark 108

Jeffersonian Democracy 110

7 AMERICA ESCAPES FROM EUROPE 113

John Randolph of Roanoke 113

The Burr Conspiracy 14

Napoleon and the British 115

The Impressment Controversy 116

The Embargo Act 116

Madison in Power 118

Tecumseh and the Prophet 118

Depression and Land Hunger 119

Resistance to War 119

The War of 1812 120

Britain Assumes the Offensive 121

The Treaty of Ghent 122

The Hartford Convention 124

The Battle of New Orleans 124

Fruits o~ "Victory" 125

Anglo-American Rapprochement 125

Transcontinental Treaty 126

The Monroe Doctrine 127

8 NEW FORCES IN AMERICAN LIFE 130

The Era of Good Feelings 130

Roots of Economic Growth 132

Birth of the Factory 132

Nonfactory Production 133

Corporations 134

Industrial Labor 135

Cotton Revolutionizes the South 137

Revival of Slavery 138

Road Building 139

Transportation and the Government 141

Steamboats and the West 141

The Canal Boom 142

Government Aid to Business 144

The Marshall Court 144

9 THE EMERGENCE OF SECTIONALISM 147

Sectional Political Issues 148

Northern Leaders 149

Southern Leaders 151

Western Leaders 151

Northern Social and Cultural Life 153

Religion and Education 155

Society and Culture in the South 155

Western Life 156

The Missouri Compromise 158

The Adams Administration 160

Tariff of Abominations 161

Election of 1828 162

10 THE AGE OF JACKSON 164

Jacksonian Democracy 164

Rise of the Common Man 165

The Spoils System 166

President of All the People 167

Sectional Tensions Continue 167

Jackson and Calhoun 168

Indian Problems 168

The Nullification Crisis 169

The Bank War 170

Jackson's Bank Veto 171

Boom and Bust 172

The Jacksonians 173

Rise of the Whigs 174

Van Buren's Administration 174

Election of 1840 177

11 EXPANSION AND SLAVERY 179

The Tyler Administration 179

Webster-Ashburton Treaty 180

The Texas Question 181

Manifest Destiny 182

California and Oregon 183

Election of 1844 184

Polk as President 185

War with Mexico 186

Northern Mexico and California 187

On to Mexico City 188

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 189

The Aftermath 189

Slavery in the Territories 190

Election of 1848 191

The Compromise of 1850 191

12 AN ERA OF ECONOMIC CHANGE 196

Agriculture in the Old South 196

Slavery as an Economic Institution 197

Slavery as a Social Institution 198

Psychological Effects of Slavery 199

Manufacturing in the South 200

Industrial Expansion 201

Self-Generated Expansion 202

The New Industrial Society 202

Foreign Commerce 205

Steam Conquers the Atlantic 206

Railroads and Canals 206

Financing the Railroads 207

Railroads and the National Economy 211

Railroads and the Sectional Conflict 212

The Economy on the Eve of Civil War 212

13 THE ROMANTIC AGE 214

The Romantic View of Life 214

Emerson and Thoreau 215

Nathaniel Hawthorne 216

Herman Melville 216

Walt Whitman 217

The Spread of Culture 218

Education and Art 218

An Age of Reform 220

Practical Reformers 223

The Abolitionist Crusade 224

Defense of Slavery 226

Women's Rights 228

14 THE COMING OF THE CIVIL WAR 230

Enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act 230

Uncle Tom's Cabin 231

"Young America" 231

Stephen A. Douglas 232

Kansas-Nebraska Act 233

Bleeding Kansas 234

Charles Sumner 235

Buchanan Tries His Hand 236

The Dred Scott Decision 236

The Lecompton Constitution 237

The Emergence of Lincoln 237

The Lincoln-Douglas Debates 239

John Brown's Raid 240

Election of 1860 241

The Secession Crisis 243

15 THE WAR TO SAVE THE UNION 245

The Lincoln Administration 245

Fort Sumter 245

The Blue and the Gray 246

The Test of Battle 248

Behind the Union Lines 248

The Confederate War Effort 250

War in the West: Shiloh 252

McClellan Versus Lee 252

Lee Counterattacks 253

The Emancipation Proclamation 255

Antietam to Gettysburg 256

Vicksburg: Lincoln Finds a General 257

Economic Effects, North and South 258

Grant, Sherman, and Victory 260

Costs and Prospects 261

16 RECONSTRUCTION AND THE SOUTH 263

Presidential Reconstruction 263

Republican Radicals 265

The Fourteenth Amendment 266

The Reconstruction Acts 267

Congress Versus the President 267

The Fifteenth Amendment 268

"Black Republican" Reconstruction 269

Southern Economic Problems 270

The White Counterrevolution 272

Grant as President 274

The Disputed Election of 1876 274

The Compromise of 1877 276

17 AN AGE OF EXPLOITATION 278

"Root, Hog, or Die" 278

The Plains Indians 279

Indian Wars 280

Destruction of Tribal Life 281

Victims of Prejudice 283

Exploiting Mineral Wealth in the West 286

The Land Bonanza 287

Western Railroad Building 289

The Cattle Kingdom 290

Open-Range Ranching 292

18 AN INDUSTRIAL GIANT 295

Industrial Growth: An Overview 295

The Railroad Network 296

Iron, Oil, and Electricity 298

Competition and Monopoly: The Railroads 299

The Steel Industry: Carnegie 301

The Standard Oil Trust 303

Americans React to Big Business 304

Railroad Regulation 306

Sherman Antitrust Act 307

19 THE RESPONSE TO INDUSTRIALISM 309

The American Worker 309

Growth of Labor Organizations 310

Labor Unrest 312

The "New" Immigration 313

The Expanding City and its Problems 316

City Government 317

Urban Improvement 319

Religion Responds to Industrialism 320

The Settlement Houses 321

Social Legislation 323

Civilization and Its Discontents 324

20 INTELLECTUAL AND CULTURAL TRENDS 326

Public Education 326

Keeping the People Informed 328

Colleges and Universities 330

Scientific Advances 332

The New Social Sciences 332

Law and History 334

Realism in Literature 334

Mark Twain 335

William Dean Howells 335

Henry James 336

Realism in Art 337

The Pragmatic Approach 338

21 NATIONAL POLITICS: 1877-1896 341

The American Commonwealth 341

Issues of the Gilded Age 342

Political Strategy and Tactics 344

The Men in the White House 345

Congressional Leaders 348

Agricultural Discontent 349

The Populist Movement 351

Showdown on Silver 353

Election of 1896 355

22 FROM ISOLATION TO EMPIRE 359

America's Divided View of the World 359

The Course of Empire 360

Cuba and the War with Spain 363

Developing a Colonial Policy 366

Cuba and the Caribbean 368

The Open Door Policy 370

Caribbean Diplomacy 371

"Noncolonial Imperial Expansion" 373

23 THE PROGRESSIVE ERA 375

Roots of Progressivism 375

The Muckrakers 377

The Progressive Mind 377

Reforming the Political System 378

National Political Reforms 379

Social and Economic Reform 380

Theodore Roosevelt 381

Roosevelt and Big Business 383

Roosevelt's Second Term 384

William Howard Taft 386

Breakup of the Republican Party 387

Election of 1912 388

Wilson: The New Freedom 388

The Progressives and the Race Issue 390

24 WOODROW WILSON AND THE GREAT WAR 394

Missionary Diplomacy 39

Outbreak of the Great War 396

Freedom of the Seas 397

Election of 1916 398

The Road to War 399

The Home Front 401

Propaganda and Civil Liberties 403

Wartime Reform 404

"Over There" 405

Preparing for Peace 406

The Paris Peace Conference 408

The Senate and the League of Nations 409

25 THE TWENTIES: THE AFTERMATH OF THE GREAT WAR 412

Demobilization 412

Radicalism and Xenophobia 412

Urban-Rural Conflict 415

Prohibition: The Noble Experiment 416

The Ku Klux Klan 418

The Disillusioned 419

Literary Trends 420

The "New Negro" 421

The Era of "Normalcy" 423

The Harding Scandals 425

Coolidge Prosperity 426

Henry Ford 427

Economic Problems 428

Election of 1928 430

26 THE GREAT DEPRESSION: 1929-1939 432

Hoover and the Depression 432

The Economy Sounds the Depths 435

Franklin D. Roosevelt 436

The Hundred Days 438

The New Deal Spirit 440

The Unemployed 441

The Extremists 441

The Second New Deal 443

Election of 1936 444

Roosevelt and the Supreme Court 445

The End of the New Deal 446

Significance of the New Deal 447

27 ISOLATIONISM AND WAR: 1921-1945 450

Peace Without a Sword 450

The Good Neighbor Policy 452

The Fascist Challenge 453

American Isolationism 455

The Road to Pearl Harbor 457

Mobilizing the Home Front 461

The War in Europe 464

The War in the Pacific 465

28 FOREIGN AFFAIRS: 1942-1964 471

Wartime Diplomacy 471

Developing Conflicts 472

The Containment Policy 475

Containing Communism in Asia 477

The Communist Issue at Home: McCarthyism 479

John Foster Dulles 481

The "New Look" in Asia 483

Dulles and the Allies: Suez 483

The U-2 Affair 485

Latin American Problems 486

29 THE POSTWAR SCENE: 1945-1964 489

The Political Climate 489

Harry S Truman 490

Dwight D. Eisenhower 491

John Fitzgerald Kennedy 492

Lyndon B. Johnson 493

Other National Leaders 494

Regulating the Economy 496

Industrial Labor 498

The Farm Problem 499

The Politics of Civil Rights 500

30 MODERN AMERICAN SOCIETY 505

American Society in Flux 505

Literature and Art 508

Two Dilemmas 510

Mixed Blessings 511

Movies, Radio, Television 513

Poverty Amid Plenty 516

Race Relations 516

Ethnic Pride 519

Women's Liberation 520

Education: Youth in Revolt 521

The Sexual Revolution 524

31 VIETNAM AND ITS AFTERMATH 527

The War in Vietnam 527

Election of 1968 528

Nixon as President 531

Nixon Triumphant 534

Nixon: Decline and Fall 535

Ford and Carter 540

A Search for Meaning 542

THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE 545

THE CONSTITUTION 549

PICTURE CREDITS 559

INDEX 561