INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT PRINCIPLESPDF电子书下载

PART Ⅰ Principles of International Copyright 1

CHAPTER 1 Introduction 3

1.1 Common Rules and Principles 4

1.2 The Rationales of Copyright 6

1.3 The Politics of International Copyright 8

1.4 The Internationalization of Copyright 10

1.5 Outline of this Book 11

CHAPTER 2 The Legal Traditions 13

2.1 The Copyright Tradition 15

2.2 The Traditions of Author's Right and Neighboring Rights 19

2.2.1 Author's Right 19

2.2.2 Neighboring Rights 22

2.3 Copyright as a Human Right 23

CHAPTER 3 The Norms of International Copyright 27

3.1 Copyright Treaties 29

3.1.1 Bilateral Copyright Treaties 31

3.1.2 The Berne Convention 33

3.1.2.1 History 33

3.1.2.2 Structure and Substance 38

3.1.2.3 Residual Powers and Relations Among Union Members 42

3.1.3 The Universal Copyright Convention 43

3.1.4 The WIPO Copyright Treaty 45

3.1.5 Which Treaty Governs? 47

3.1.5.1 Different Texts of the Berne Convention 48

3.1.5.2 Texts of Different Treaties 49

3.2 Neighboring Rights Treaties 54

3.2.1 Rome Convention 55

3.2.1.1 History 55

3.2.1.2 Protection of Performers 55

3.2.1.3 Protection of Producers of Phonograms 56

3.2.1.4 Protection of Broadcasters 57

3.2.1.5 Other Provisions 57

3.2.2 Geneva Phonograms Convention 58

3.2.3 WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty 59

3.2.4 Brussels Satellite Convention 61

3.3 Regional Arrangements 64

3.3.1 The European Union 64

3.3.2 Inter-American Copyright Agreements 69

3.3.3 Other Regional Arrangements 70

3.4 Trade Arrangements 71

3.4.1 TRIPs Agreement 73

3.4.1.1 History 73

3.4.1.2 Dispute Settlement 74

3.4.1.3 Conditions for Protection 76

3.4.1.4 Subject Matter,Ownership,and Term 76

3.4.1.5 Rights and Remedies 78

3.4.2 Regional and Bilateral Trade Agreements 80

3.4.2.1 Free Trade Agreements 80

3.4.2.2 Other Trade Agreements 86

3.5 Intergovernmental Organizations 88

CHAPTER 4 Territoriality,National Treatment,Jurisdiction,and Conflict of Laws 91

4.1 The Territoriality Principle 95

4.1.1 Territoriality in International Law 96

4.1.2 Territoriality in Copyright Law 97

4.2 National Treatment 99

4.2.1 The Trade Economics of National Treatment 102

4.2.2 "Works" Subject to National Treatment 104

4.2.2.1 Berne Convention 104

4.2.2.2 TRIPs Agreement 105

4.2.3 "Rights" Subject to National Treatment 108

4.2.3.1 Berne Convention 108

4.2.3.2 TRIPs Agreement 111

4.2.4 Most-Favored-Nation Requirement 112

4.2.4.1 "Works" Subject to Most-Favored-Nation Requirement 112

4.2.4.2 Exemptions from Coverage 113

4.3 Jurisdiction 115

4.3.1 Subject Matter Jurisdiction 116

4.3.1.1 Common Law Traditions;Copyright Infringement as a "Local" or 'Transitory" Action 116

4.3.1.2 Civil Law Tradition;the Brussels Regime 119

4.3.2 Forum Non Conveniens 120

4.3.3 Hard Cases 122

4.3.3.1 Where Acts of Infringement Occur in More than One Country 122

4.3.3.2 Where Elements of Infringement Occur in More than One Country 125

4.3.4 Contractual Choice of Forum 128

4.4 Conflict of Laws 129

4.4.1 Where No Contract Prescribes Applicable Law 131

4.4.1.1 Authorship and Initial Ownership 133

4.4.1.2 Subject Matter and Rights 137

4.4.2 Law of the Contract as Applicable Law 139

4.4.2.1 When Parties Have Designated Applicable Law 142

4.4.2.2 When Parties Have Not Designated Applicable Law 144

4.4.3 Where the Law of the Protecting Country and the Law of the Contract Conflict 147

CHAPTER 5 Scope and Points of Attachment of International Protection 153

5.1 Berne Convention 154

5.1.1 Application of the Berne Convention 155

5.1.1.1 Subject Matter Scope 155

5.1.1.2 Temporal Scope 156

5.1.2 Points of Attachment 158

5.1.2.1 Nationality or Residence of Author 158

5.1.2.2 Country of Publication 160

5.2 Universal Copyright Convention 163

5.3 Other Copyright Treaties 164

5.4 TRIPs Agreement 165

5.5 Neighboring Rights Treaties 166

5.5.1 Rome Convention 166

5.5.1.1 Performers 167

5.5.1.2 Producers of Phonograms 168

5.5.1.3 Broadcasting Organizations 169

5.5.2 Geneva Phonograms Convention 169

5.6 Points of Attachment under National Law 170

5.6.1 United States 170

5.6.1.1 Unpublished Works 172

5.6.1.2 Published Works 173

5.6.1.3 Retroactive Protection for Works Lacking a Point of Attachment 177

5.6.1.4 Moral Rights and Neighboring Rights 178

5.6.2 Other Countries 180

PART Ⅱ Substantive Copyright Law 183

CHAPTER 6 Subject Matter of Copyright and Neighboring Rights 185

6.1 Literary and Artistic Works 187

6.1.1 Standards for Protection 189

6.1.2 Classes of Subject Matter 194

6.1.2.1 Literary Works 196

6.1.2.2 Musical Works 198

6.1.2.3 Works of Visual Art and Photography 198

6.1.2.4 Dramatic Works 202

6.1.2.5 Cinematographic Works 203

6.1.2.6 Translations,Adaptations,and Other Derivative Works 204

6.1.2.7 Compilations and Collective Works,Including Databases 205

6.1.2.8 Utilitarian Works 208

6.1.2.9 Computer Programs 209

6.1.2.10 Applied Art and Industrial Design 211

6.1.3 Unprotectible Subject Matter 216

6.1.3.1 Ideas,Facts 216

6.1.3.2 Official Texts 217

6.1.4 Formalities 219

6.1.4.1 General Prohibition 219

6.1.4.2 United States 222

6.1.5 Fixation 229

6.2 Performances,Phonograms,Broadcasts,Databases,and Other Productions 230

6.2.1 Performances 233

6.2.2 Phonograms 235

6.2.3 Broadcasts 237

6.2.4 Databases 238

6.2.5 Formalities 240

CHAPTER 7 Authorship and Ownership 243

7.1 Initial Authorship and Ownership 245

7.2 Collaborative (Joint) Authorship 248

7.3 Collective Works 251

7.4 Works Made for Hire or under Employment 252

7.5 Audiovisual Works (Including Cinematographic Works) 254

7.5.1 National Law 255

7.5.2 International Conventions 257

7.5.2.1 Berne Convention 258

7.5.2.2 Rome Convention 259

7.6 Ownership by Transfer 260

7.6.1 Limitations and Construction of Transfers 261

7.6.1.1 Scope of Grant 264

7.6.1.2 Term and Termination of Grant 266

7.6.1.3 Remuneration 268

7.6.1.4 Rights to Future Works 269

7.6.2 Formalities and Priorities 269

7.6.2.1 Formalities 269

7.6.2.2 Priorities 271

7.6.3 Collective Rights Management 273

CHAPTER 8 Term of Protection 277

8.1 Copyright 279

8.1.1 Traditional Literary and Artistic Works 279

8.1.1.1 Individual Works 279

8.1.1.2 Collective and Joint Works 281

8.1.1.3 Anonymous and Pseudonymous Works 282

8.1.2 Special Classes of Works 283

8.1.2.1 Cinematographic Works 283

8.1.2.2 Photographs and Works of Applied Art 284

8.2 Neighboring Rights 285

8.3 Comparison of Terms 287

8.3.1 Berne Convention 287

8.3.1.1 Scope 288

8.3.1.2 Country of Origin 289

8.3.2 Universal Copyright Convention 290

8.3.3 E.C.Term Directive 292

8.4 Retroactivity 294

CHAPTER 9 Economic Rights 297

9.1 Copyright 300

9.1.1 Reproduction Right 300

9.1.2 Distribution 303

9.1.2.1 Exhaustion (First Sale) 305

9.1.2.2 Rental Rights 307

9.1.2.3 Public Lending Right 310

9.1.2.4 Droit de Suite (Resale Royalty Right) 312

9.1.3 Translation and Adaptation 315

9.1.4 Communication to the Public 317

9.1.4.1 Public Performance and Recitation 320

9.1.4.2 Exhibition and Display 322

9.1.4.3 Broadcasting 323

9.1.4.4 Cable Retransmission 326

9.1.4.5 Making Available Online 328

9.1.5 Secondary (Contributory) Liability 330

9.1.6 Anti-circumvention Rules 333

9.2 Neighboring Rights 337

9.2.1 Rights of Performers 338

9.2.2 Rights of Phonogram Producers 340

9.2.3 Rights of Broadcasting Organizations 342

9.2.4 Other Neighboring Rights 342

CHAPTER 10 Moral Rights 345

10.1 Right of Paternity 349

10.2 Right of Integrity 351

10.3 Right of Divulgation 353

10.4 Right of Withdrawal 354

10.5 Limitation and Waiver of Moral Rights 355

10.5.1 Waiver 355

10.5.2 Limitations 356

CHAPTER 11 Exemptions,Statutory Licenses,and Other Limitations on Exclusive Rights 359

11.1 The Three-Step Test 364

11.2 Private Uses 367

11.2.1 Research and Scholarship 368

11.2.2 Private Copying and Home Taping 370

11.2.3 Reverse Engineering 373

11.3 Incidental Uses 374

11.3.1 Ephemeral Copies for Broadcasting Purposes 374

11.3.2 Transient Digital Copies 375

11.3.3 Other Incidental Uses 377

11.4 Public Uses 378

11.4.1 Quotation and Parody 379

11.4.2 Uses by the Media 382

11.4.3 Educational Uses 383

11.4.4 Library and Archival Uses 385

11.4.5 Recording of Musical Works 387

11.4.6 Other Uses 388

11.5 Reproduction and Translation in Developing Countries 389

11.6 External Constraints on Copyright 390

11.6.1 Misuse and Abuse of Copyright 391

11.6.2 Freedom of Expression 393

CHAPTER 12 Enforcement 395

12.1 Coercive Remedies 397

12.1.1 Temporary Remedies 397

12.1.2 Permanent Remedies 400

12.2 Monetary Remedies 402

12.3 Criminal Sanctions 405

12.4 Customs (Border) Measures 406

APPENDICES 409

1.Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works [Paris Text,1971] 409

2.Berne Convention,Contracting Parties 447

3.International Convention for the Protection of Performers,Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations [Rome Convention] 453

4.Rome Convention,Contracting Parties 467

5.WIPO Copyright Treaty [With Agreed Statements] 471

6.WIPO Copyright Treaty,Contracting Parties 485

7.WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty [With Agreed Statements] 489

8.WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty,Contracting Parties 507

9.Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights,Including Trade in Counterfeit Goods [TRIPs Agreement] 513

10.Members of the World Trade Organization [WTO] 523

11.International Copyright Relations of the United States of America 525

BIBLIOGRAPHY 543

INDEX 553