高等有机化学 双语版PDF电子书下载

Chapter 1 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 1

1.1 Localized chemical bonding 1

1.2 Dipole moments 3

1.3 Inductive effects and field effects 3

1.4 Delocalized chemical bonding 4

1.5 Resonance structures drawn for conjugated structures 6

1.6 Conjugative effect 7

1.7 Hyperconjugative effect 8

1.8 Steric effect 10

1.9 Aromaticity and Hückel's rule 11

Problems 19

Vocabulary 20

知识要点 21

Chapter 2 Stereochemistry 26

2.1 Enantiomers 27

2.2 Resolution of racemates 36

2.3 The stereochemistry in reaction process 39

Problems 47

Vocabulary 48

知识要点 49

Chapter 3 Mechanisms of Organic Reactions 52

3.1 Types of organic reactions 52

3.2 The variables of organic reactions 56

3.3 How do organic reactions occur:mechanisms 59

3.4 Describing a reaction:intermediates 62

3.5 Methods of determining mechanisms 68

Problems 70

Vocabulary 70

知识要点 71

Chapter 4 Nucleophilic Substitution 74

4.1 Mechanisms of nucleophilic substitutions 75

4.2 Stereochemistry of nucleophilic substitutions 76

4.3 Nucleophiles and nucleophilicity 77

4.4 The factors that can influence the rates of SNl,SN2 reactions 79

4.5 Neighboring-group participation effect 82

Problems 85

Vocabulary 87

知识要点 87

Chapter 5 Addition and Elimination Reactions 91

5.1 Electrophilic addition reactions 91

5.2 Elimination reactions 96

5.3 Elimination vs substitution 102

Problems 102

Vocabulary 104

知识要点 105

Chapter 6 Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds 107

6.1 The nucleophilic addition reaction mechanisms 107

6.2 The nucleophilic addition reactions to the carbonyl groups 107

6.3 The addition and elimination reactions 111

6.4 The reactivity and stereoselectivity of nucleophilic additions 112

6.5 Condensation reactions 113

6.6 Reaction with ylides 120

6.7 The nucleophilic substitutions of carboxylic acid and their derivatives 121

Problems 124

Vocabulary 125

知识要点 126

Chapter 7 Rearrangements 129

7.1 Nucleophilic rearrangements 129

7.2 Electrophilic rearrangements 140

7.3 Rearrangements on aromatic rings 143

Problems 146

Vocabulary 147

知识要点 148

Chapter 8 Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitutions 150

8.1 Electrophilic aromatic substitution 150

8.2 Specific electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions 151

8.3 Directing effects of substituents 158

8.4 Effects of multiple substituents on electrophilic aromatic substitution 159

8.5 Nucleophilic aromatic substitution 160

Problems 164

Vocabulary 165

知识要点 166

Chapter 9 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions 167

9.1 Oxidation of alkenes and alkynes 167

9.2 Oxidation of alcohols 169

9.3 Oxidation of aldehydes and ketones 173

9.4 Oxidation of aromatic side chains and the aromatic rings 175

9.5 Reduction reactions 175

9.6 Other reduction reactions 184

9.7 Disproportionation reactions 187

Problems 188

Vocabulary 189

知识要点 189

Chapter 10 Pericyclic Reactions 193

10.1 Electrocyclic ring opening/closure reactions 193

10.2 Cycloaddition reactions 197

10.3 Sigmatropic rearrangements 204

Problems 207

Vocabulary 209

知识要点 209

Appendix Ⅰ 《Advanced Organic Chemistry》Final Test（1） 211

Appendix Ⅱ 《Advanced Organic Chemistry》Final Test（2） 216

Appendix Ⅲ 《Advanced Organic Chemistry》Final Test（3） 222

参考文献 227