英国国家概况与文化PDF电子书下载

Unit One Geography 1

Text Ⅰ Geography of the United Kingdom 1

1.Topography 1

2.Climate 2

3.Human geography 3

4.Natural resources 4

5.Environment 4

Reference 8

Text Ⅱ Ben Nevis 8

Unit Two Political Structure 11

Text Ⅰ Political Structure 11

1.The Monarchy of the United Kingdom 11

2.Executive 12

3.Legislatures 14

4.Judiciary 14

5.Government 15

Reference 23

Text Ⅱ Legislatures 23

1.House of commons 24

2.House of lords 24

3.Scottish parliament 24

4.Welsh assembly 25

5.Northern Ireland assembly 25

Unit Three Education 28

Text 1 Education in the United Kingdom 28

1.Educational policy 28

2.Educational stages 30

Reference 40

TextⅡ Open University 40

1.Students 41

2.Teaching methods 42

3.Assessment methods 43

Unit Four Religion 46

Text Ⅰ Religion in the United Kingdom(1) 46

1.Christianity 47

2.Islam 50

3.Judaism 51

4.Other faiths 51

Reference 57

Text Ⅱ Religion in the United Kingdom(2) 57

1.Religion and education 57

2.Religion and modern politics 57

3.Religion and the media 58

Unit Five Economy 61

Text Ⅰ Economy in the United Kingdom 61

1.Recent economic growth 62

2.Industries 62

3.Production 64

4.Service industries 66

5.Real estate and lettings 69

Reference 76

Text Ⅱ Taxation in the United Kingdom 76

1.Income tax 76

2.Capital gains tax 76

3.Value added tax 77

4.Corporation tax 77

5.Business rates 78

6.The tax year 78

Unit Six Social Welfare 80

Text Ⅰ Healthcare in the United Kingdom 80

1.Healthcare 80

2.Healthcare in England 81

3.Healthcare in Scotland 83

4.NHS Wales 84

5.Health and social care in Northern Ireland 85

Reference 90

Text Ⅱ National Health Service 90

Unit Seven Customs and Marriage 95

Text Ⅰ People,Customs and Society 95

1.The English nationalities 95

2.Customs and life 95

3.Marriage and weddings in Britain 104

Reference 115

Text Ⅱ British Culture 115

1.Comfort zone 115

2.English surnames 115

3.The superstitions attached to numbers 116

4.The story of Mother's Day 117

5.Etiquette 118

Unit Eight Mass Media 121

Text Ⅰ The Mass Media 121

1.The daily newspapers 122

2.The press 123

3.Television 128

4.The broadcasting 129

5.News agencies 130

6.Internet 130

Reference 136

Text Ⅱ Newspaper and English Language 136

1.Today's newspaper 136

2.The power of English 136

Unit Nine Literature and Arts 140

Text Ⅰ British Literature and Arts 140

1.British literature 140

2 Art of the United Kingdom 149

Reference 157

Text Ⅱ Drama 157

1.The beginning of drama 157

2.Western forms of drama 158

3.Other Asian cultural forms 158

Unit Ten Sports and Entertainment 161

Text Ⅰ Sports,Games and Entertainment 161

1.Sports in Britain 161

2.Cultural entertainment 167

3.Entertainment for children 177

4.Spending a night on the town 177

Reference 181

Text Ⅱ Events and Pastime 181

1.The Welsh Eisteddfodau 181

2.Pubs in Britain 181

3.A popular pastime of the English people 182

4.Town and country life in England 182

Unit Eleven Transport 184

Text Ⅰ Survey of Transport in the UK 184

1.A history of transport in the UK 184

2.Present-day transport in the United Kingdom 187

Reference 201

Text Ⅱ Highways Agency 201

1.History and operations 201

2.Traffic officers 202

3.Powers 202

4.Vehicle recovery 203

Unit Twelve Tourism 205

Text Ⅰ Britain Travel Guide 205

1.Britain—A nation full of contrasts 205

2.Famous destinations 208

Reference 222

Text Ⅱ How Has Tourism Changed the Way People Live? 222

Appendix Ⅰ 226

List of UK Universities 226

1.Ancient universities 226

2.Red brick universities 226

3.Plate glass universities 227

4.New universities 228

Appendix Ⅱ 232

Keys to Exercises 233

References 256