Solaris 学习指南 Sun certified system administrator for solaris 9.0PDF电子书下载

Part Ⅰ　Sun Certified System Administrator Examination for Solaris 9 Study Guide,Exam 310-011 1

1 Understanding System Concepts 3

Defining System Administration Terms 4

Daemons 4

Exercise 1-1:Viewing the Processes on a System 5

Shells 6

Exercise 1-2:Changing the Shell 7

File Systems 8

Kernels 9

Operating Systems 10

Defining the Effects of Various man Command Options in Viewing Online Manual Pages 11

Exercise 1-3:Using the man Command 12

Two-Minute Drill 17

Self Test 18

Lab Question 19

Self Test Answers 20

Lab Answer 21

2 Administering the Boot PROM 23

Introduction to OpenBoot 24

Using OpenBoot PROM Commands 27

Knowing the Combination of Actions Required to Interrupt a Nonresponsive System 29

Using the STOP-A Keyboard Combination 31

Using Command Strings to Manipulate Custom Device Aliases 32

Using the devalias Command 36

Exercise 2-1:Using the nvedit Command 36

Two-Minute Drill 39

Self Test 41

Lab Question 43

Self Test Answers 45

Lab Answer 47

3 Installing the Solaris Operating Environment 49

Installing the Solaris Operating Environment Software on a Networked Standalone System 50

Versions of Solaris 51

Installation Options 52

Hardware Requirements 53

Software Packages,Clusters,and Groups 55

Preinstallation Planning 57

The System Installation 59

Exercise 3-1:Installing the Solaris Operating System 64

Understanding the Functions of Package Administration Commands 66

The pkgadd Command 67

The pkginfo Command 68

The pkgchk Command 69

The pkgrm Command 70

Exercise 3-2:Working with Package Commands 71

Understanding the Steps to Install,Remove,and Verify Which Patches Are Currently Installed 72

Obtaining Patches 73

Decomposing a Patch 74

The patchadd Command 75

The patchrm Command 76

The showrev Command 76

Exercise 3-3:Installing and Removing Patches 77

Two-Minute Drill 80

Self Test 82

Lab Question 84

Self Test Answers 85

Lab Answer 87

4 Initialization and Shutdown 89

Understanding the Solaris 9 Operating Environment Bootstrap Process 90

The Boot Process 91

Exercise 4-1:The Solaris 9 Bootstrap Process 97

Understanding and Working with Solaris Run Levels 99

How Run Levels Work 100

Working with Run Levels 103

Exercise 4-2:Working with Solaris Run Levels 105

Two-Minute Drill 108

Self Test 110

Lab Question 112

Self Test Answers 113

Lab Answer 115

5 User Administration 117

Understanding Login Procedures 118

Logging in to a System 119

Logging Off of a System 121

Changing Login Passwords 121

Identifying Users Who Are Currently Logged in to the System 123

Adding,Modifying,or Deleting User and Group Accounts on the Local System 127

The useradd Command 128

The groupadd Command 130

The usermod Command 130

The groupmod Command 131

The userdel Command 132

The groupdel Command 132

Listing the Shell Initialization Files Used to Set Up a User's Work Environment at Login 133

Initialization Files 134

Defining a Variable in the.profile File 135

Maintaining the/etc/profile File 135

Customizing the Templates in the/etc/skel Directory 136

Two-Minute Drill 139

Self Test 140

Lab Question 141

Self Test Answers 142

Lab Answer 143

6 Solaris File Security 145

Using Regular Expressions to Search the Contents of Files 146

Exercise 6-1:Using the grep Command 149

Using Command Sequences to Display or Modify File and Directory Permissions 150

The ls Command 150

Exercise 6-2:Using Various Options of the ls Command 154

The chmod Command 156

Exercise 6-3:Using chmod 158

Understanding the Effects of Selected umask Values on the Permissions Assigned to Newly Created Files and Directories 162

Creating,Modifying,and Deleting Access Control Lists 163

Using getfacl to Display ACLs 163

Exercise 6-4:Displaying File Information 165

Using setfacl to Set ACLs 166

Exercise 6-5:Using ACL Entries 169

Two-Minute Drill 171

Self Test 172

Lab Question 175

Self Test Answers 176

Lab Answer 178

7 Understanding Process Control 179

Using Commands to Display Information for All Active Processes on the System 180

Using the ps Command to View Process Information 180

Using the prstat Command to View Process Information 185

Using the sdtprocess Command to View Process Information 187

Understanding the Effect of Sending a Specified Signal to a Process 190

Common Signals 194

Using Commands to Terminate an Active Process 197

Using kill to Terminate a Process 197

Using pkill to Terminate a Process 199

Using sdtprocess to Terminate a Process 200

Exercise 7-1:Killing a Process with the Process Manager 200

Two-Minute Drill 202

Self Test 204

Lab Question 207

Self Test Answers 208

Lab Answer 209

8 Working with File Systems 211

Knowing the Types of File Systems in the Solaris Operating Environment 212

File Systems in General 212

Solaris File System Types 213

Exercise 8-1 Understanding Solaris File System Types 216

Performing Common File System Administration Tasks 216

Creating New UFS File Systems 216

The fsck Utility 218

Why fsck Is Necessary 218

How to Check and Repair a File System 219

Displaying Disk Space Usage by File Systems 220

Displaying the Size of a Directory 221

Displaying Disk Usage by Username 223

Exercise 8-2:Examining Disk Space Usage by User 224

Understanding the Effect of the Commonly Used Options of the mount Command 226

The mount and umount Commands 226

Commonly Used mount Options 226

Mounting and Unmounting Local File Systems 228

Exercise 8-3 Using mount and umount 229

Mounting a File System of a Specified Type 230

Differentiating Between tbe/etc/mnttab and/etc/vfstab Files 231

Exercise 8-4:The Mounted File System Table 231

Setting Up Your System to Mount a Local File System Automatically at Boot Time 233

Exercise 8-5:Using the Virtual File System Table 233

Understanding the Intended Purpose of Directories 236

The Contents and Purpose of the Default Solaris 9 File Systems 236

Accessing Data on Disks or CD-ROMs 238

How to Format a Floppy Disk 238

How to Place a ufs on a DOS-Formatted Disk 239

How to Load a Disk 239

How to Examine the Contents of a Disk 240

How to Read and Write Information on a Disk 240

How to Find Out If a Disk Is Still in Use 241

How to Eiect a Disk 242

Exercise 8-6 Using a Floppy Disk 242

How to Load a CD-ROM 243

How to Examine the Contents of a CD-ROM 243

How to Copy Information from a CD-ROM 244

How to Determine Whether a CD-ROM Is Still in Use 244

How to Eject a CD-ROM 245

Two-Minute Drill 247

Self Test 249

Lab Question 252

Self Test Answers 253

Lab Answer 256

9 Working with Files and Directories 257

Reducing the Size of Files and Directories for Tape Storage 258

The tar Command 259

The compress,uncompress,and zcat Commands 260

The pack,unpack,and pcat Commands 262

The zip Command 263

Exercise 9-1:Reducing File Size for Storage to Tape 264

Understanding Regular Files,Directories,Symbolic Links,Device Files,and Hard Links 266

Regular Files 267

Directories 268

Symbolic Links 269

Device Files 270

Hard Links 271

Exercise 9-2:Working with Different Types of Files 272

Two-Minute Drill 276

Self Test 278

Lab Question 280

Self Test Answers 281

Lab Answer 282

10 Understanding the Boot Process 285

Understanding boot Command Functions 286

Exercise 10-1:Mixing and Matching 288

Reporting the Current Runlevel of a Solaris System 288

Exercise 10-2:What's Your Runlevel? 290

Differentiating Between Basic Sand K Script Activities 291

Exercise 10-4:Using the stop and start Scripts 291

Two-Minute Drill 295

Self Test 296

Lab Question 298

Self Test Answers 299

Lab Answer 300

11 Configuring Disks 301

Understanding Sun Hard Disks 302

Hard Disk Mechanics 302

Storing Data 304

Exercise 11-1:Restoring a Bad Superblock 306

Disk Types 308

Disk Naming 310

Understanding the Uses of Character(Raw)Disks and Block Disks 311

Adding Disks 312

Adding New Device Configuration Information Without a Reboot of Solaris 314

Exercise 11-2:Using the devfsadm Command 315

Removing Disks 315

Two-Minute Drill 318

Self Test 319

Lab Question 321

Self Test Answers 322

Lab Answer 323

12 Working with the Format Command 325

Using the format Command 326

Exercise 12-1:Using Options with the format Command 327

Using the Menu Selections for the format Command 328

The disk Command 329

The type Command 330

The partition Command 330

The current Command 330

The format Command 330

The repair Command 331

The label Command 331

The analyze Command 332

Exercise 12-2:Using the analyze/verify Command 333

The defect Command 334

The backup Command 335

The verify Command 335

The save Command 335

The inquiry Command 336

The volname Command 336

The quit Command 336

Using the Menu Selections for the partition Subcommand Under the format Command 337

The Numbers(0-7) 340

The select Command 341

The modify Command 341

Exercise 12-3:Partition a Disk Using the All Free Hog Table 342

The name Command 344

The print Command 344

The label Command 344

Two-Minute Drill 346

Self Test 347

Lab Question 349

Self Test Answers 350

Lab Answer 351

13 Performing Backup and Recovery 353

Understanding the Functions of Backup,Archive,and Restore Utilities 354

The ufsdump Command 354

The ufsrestore Command 358

The tar Command 362

The cpio Command 365

The dd Command 368

Which Command Is Best for Certain Tasks? 369

Exercise 13-1:Using tar 370

Backing Up a File System to Tape 371

Boot to Single-User Mode 371

Backing Up the File System 372

Verifying the Backup 372

Exercise 13-2:Using ufsdump 374

Restoring a File System from Tape 375

Booting from a CD-ROM and Preparing the New Disk Drive 375

Mounting the Disk and Restoring from Backup 376

Exercise 13-3:Using ufsrestore 378

Two-Minute Drill 380

Self Test 381

Lab Question 383

Self Test Answers 384

Lab Answer 385

14 Utilizing Basic Command Syntax 387

Moving Between Specified Points in a Directory Tree 388

Absolute Addressing of File System Objects 390

Relative Addressing of File System Objects 390

Commands for Navigating the File System 392

Exercise 14-1:Exploring the Solaris File System 393

Using Metacharacter Combinations to Access Files and Directories Within the Directory Tree 394

Matching Any Single Character 396

Matching a Defined Set of Characters 396

Matching Zero or More Contiguous Characters 397

Mixing and Matching Metacharacters to Zero in the Perfect Match 398

Applying Metacharacters to the UNIX File System 398

Exercise 14-2:Using Metacharacters to Navigate the File System 400

Listing Directory Contents and Determining the File Types Within a Directory 400

Listing the Contents of a Directory 401

Determining File Types 403

Exercise 14-3:Assessing the Contents of Directories 404

Using Commands to Create or Remove Directories 405

Creating Directories with mkdir 405

Removing Directories with rmdir 406

Exercise 14-4:Adding and Removing Directories 407

Using Commands to Copy,Create,Rename,or Remove Files 408

Copying Files Using cp 408

Creating Files Using touch and Output Redirection 409

Renaming and Moving Files Using mv 410

Removing Files Using rm 411

Exercise 14-5:Copying,Renaming,Creating,and Deleting Files 413

Two-Minute Drill 415

Self Test 417

Lab Question 419

Self Test Answers 420

Lab Answer 421

15 Working with the vi Editor 425

Switching Among the vi Editor's Three Modes of Operation 426

Starting the vi Editor 427

Editor Modes of vi Operation 427

Reading,Writing,and Saving Files 428

Using the vi Editor Commands to Move the Cursor,and to Create,Delete,Copy,and Move Text 430

Editing Text with vi 430

Exercise 15-1:Adding a Line of Text to the Bottom of a Document 432

Copying and Moving Text 434

Exercise 15-2:Editing Text 435

Using vi Command Sequences to Search and Replace 436

Searching for Text 436

Searching and Replacing Text 437

Two-Minute Drill 439

Self Test 440

Lab Question 442

Self Test Answers 443

Lab Answer 444

16 Working with a Remote Connection 445

Performing Remote System Operations 446

Using rlogin 446

Remote Shell(rsh) 451

Remote Copy(rcp) 452

Exercise 16-1:Remotely Executing Commands 454

Transferring Files Between a Local System and a Remote System 455

Exercise 16-2 Transferring and Receiving Files Using fip 460

Two-Minute Drill 462

Self Test 463

Lab Question 465

Self Test Answers 466

Lab Answer 467

Part Ⅱ Sun Certified Administrator Examination for Solaris 9 Study Guide,Exam 310-012 469

17 Understanding the Client/Server Relationship 471

Understanding the Servers Used in the Solaris 9 Network Environment 473

Action Servers 475

Application Servers 475

Caching-Only Servers 475

Communications Servers 475

Print Servers 476

Session Servers 476

X-Servers 476

Exercise 17-1:Remote Browsing 477

Understanding the Clients Used in the Solaris 9 Network Environment 479

Dataless Clients 479

Diskful Clients 480

Diskless Clients 480

Two-Minute Drill 481

Self Test 482

Lab Question 483

Self Test Answers 484

Lab Answer 485

18 Understanding the Solaris Network Environment 487

Recognizing the Function of Each Layer of OSI Model 488

Encapsulation 489

Application Layer 490

Presentation Layer 490

Session Layer 491

Transport Layer 491

Network Layer 491

Data Link Layer 491

Physical Layer 492

Exercise 18-1:Identifying the Function of Each OSI Layer 492

Defining the Function of Each Layer in the TCP/IP Model 492

Application Layer 493

Transport Layer 494

Internet Layer 495

Hardware and Network Interface Layers 496

Exercise 18-2:TCP/IP Addressing 496

Understanding the Features and Functions of the Ethernet 498

CSMA/CD 498

The Ethernet Frame 499

Ethernet Addressing 500

Exercise 18-3:Identifying a System's Ethernet Address 501

Understanding the Characteristics of RARP and ARP 502

Exercise 18-4:Understanding arp Commands 507

Using Commands to Display Information About the Local Network Interface 508

The ifconfig Command 508

The netstat Command 511

Exercise 18-5:Using Network Interface Management Commands 511

Understanding the Relationship Between the RPC Service and the rpcbind Process 512

Exercise 18-6:Examining RPC Services 513

Listing Registered RPC Services 514

Exercise 18-7:Examining RPC Commands 515

Starting and Stopping Network Services via the Command Line 515

Two-Minute Drill 517

Self Test 519

Lab Question 522

Self Test Answers 523

Lab Answer 524

19 Utilizing Solaris syslogc 527

Understanding the Functions of syslog 528

Understanding the Syntax of the syslog Configuration File 529

Deducing syslog Behavior from Its Configuration File 533

Configuring syslog Messages to Increase the Logging Level for login and Telnet 535

Using the Command Line to Update the System Log 537

Exercise 19-1:Using logger to Enhance System-Logging Capabilities 538

Two-Minute Drill 541

Self Test 543

Lab Question 545

Self Test Answers 546

Lab Answer 547

20 Disk Management 549

Using Utilities to Create,Check,and Mount File Systems 550

Creating File Systems 550

Mounting File Systems 555

Checking File Systems 557

Exercise 20-1:Creating and Manipulating a File System 560

Understanding the Logical Pathname Differences Between Physical Disks and Virtual Disks 561

Exercise 20-2:Fun with Virtual Disk Management Software 562

Knowing the Advantages of a Virtual Disk Management Application 563

Understanding the Characteristics and Functions of DiskSuite and Sun StorEdge VM 565

Solstice DiskSuite 565

Sun StorEdge Volume Manager 569

Two-Minute Drill 573

Self Test 574

Lab Question 576

Self Test Answers 577

Lab Answer 578

21 Solaris Pseudo File Systems and Swap Space 579

Understanding the Characteristics of Solaris Pseudo File System Types 580

Characteristics of procfs 581

Characteristics of the Virtual Memory System 583

Exercise 21-1:Determining Available Swap Space 585

Using Commands to Extract Information from Entries in the/proc Directory 585

Process Information Command Examples 587

Exercise 21-2:Analyzing a Core File with pwdx 590

Creating and Adding a Swap File to the System Swap Space 591

Listing Existing Swap Areas 591

Creating and Adding a New Local Swap File 592

Creating and Adding an NFS-Mounted Swap File 592

Modifying vfstab to Make It Stick 593

Exercise 21-3:Adding a Local File to System Swap Space 594

Two-Minute Drill 596

Self Test 597

Lab Question 599

Self Test Answers 600

Lab Answer 601

22 Working with NFS 603

Understanding the Functions of NFS Servers and Clients 604

Making Resources Available and Unavailable for Mounting as Shared Resources 605

The NFS Server Daemons 606

The NFS Client Daemons 607

The share Command 607

Exercise 22-1:Using the share Command 608

The unshare Command 609

Exercise 22-2:Using the unshare Command 609

Using the/etc/dfs/dfstab File on an NFS Server to Enable Automatic Sharing of Resources 609

Exercise 22-3:Editing the/etc/dfstab File 610

Displaying a Server？s Available Resources for Mounting 610

Exercise 22-4:Using the showmount Command 611

Mounting a Resource from Another System 611

Using the/etc/vfstab File to Enable Persistent Mounting of Resources on an NFS Client 613

Manually Mounting and Unmounting with mountall,umountall,shareall,and unshareall 614

Two-Minute Drill 620

Self Test 622

Lab Question 625

Self Test Answers 626

Lab Answer 628

23 Using AutoFS 631

Understanding the Benefits of Using the Automount Utility 632

Automatic File System Mounting 633

Unmounting File Systems 634

Using Centralized Naming Services for Manageability 634

Using Redundancy to Make File Systems Highly Available 634

Exercise 23-1:Knowing the Layout of File Systems on Your System 635

Defining the Types of Automount Maps 636

The Components of AutoFS 637

How AutoFS Works 637

Master Maps 638

Direct Maps 639

Indirect Maps 640

Special Maps 642

Exercise 23-2:Creating a User and a Home Directory 643

Setting Up Automount to Read a Direct Map 644

Editing the/etc/auto_master Master Map 644

Creating and Editing/etc/auto_direct Direct Map 645

Restarting the AutoFS Service 646

Exercise 23-3:Setting Up Direct Maps 647

Determining When the Automount Daemon Should Be Restarted 648

Restarting via the automount Command 649

Restarting via the/etc/init.d/autofs Startup Script 649

Modifying the Default Idle Timeout Value 650

Troubleshooting 651

Exercise 23-4:Stopping and Restarting the AutoFS Service 652

Two-Minute Drill 654

Self Test 655

Lab Question 657

Self Test Answers 658

Lab Answer 659

24 Working with the Cache File System 661

Configuring the Cache File System in an Existing Client/Server Environment 662

Creating the Initial Cache Directory 663

Mounting Remote File Systems Within the Cache 665

Exercise 24-1:CacheFS Setup and Mounting 668

Using Appropriate Commands to Check the Status and Consistency of the Cache File System 670

Checking the Status of CacheFS 670

Checking the Consistency of CacheFS 673

Exercise 24-2:Checking Status and Consistency 674

Setting Up Cache File System Logging 676

Configuring Logging Using cachefslog 676

Viewing the CacheFS Log File 677

Modifying the Cache 678

Stopping CacheFS Logging 679

Exercise 24-3:CacheFS Logging Setup and Analysis 679

Performing a Check of the Cache File System 680

Exercise 24-4:CacheFS Integrity Checking 682

Identifying the Steps to Dismantle and Delete a Cache File System 682

Deleting Cache File Systems from the Cache Directory 683

Deleting the Cache Directory 684

Exercise 24-5:Deleting CacheFS 685

Two-Minute Drill 687

Self Test 689

Lab Question 691

Self Test Answers 692

Lab Answer 693

25 Understanding Naming Services 695

Understanding the Purpose of a Naming Service 696

Centralized Administration 696

Consistency 696

Preventing a Single Point of Failure 697

Defining the Various Naming Services and Comparing Their Functionality 697

Domain Nane Service 698

Network Information Service 700

Network Information Service Plus 701

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 704

Identifying the Right Naming Service to Use for Your Network 704

Naming Service Switch File 705

Two-Minute Drill 709

Self Test 710

Lab Question 712

Self Test Answers 713

Lab Answer 714

26 Using Network Information Service(NIS) 715

Understanding the Processes and Components of the NIS Domain:Master,Slave,and Client 717

Exercise 26-1:Configuring a Name Service Domain 717

Exercise 26-2:Configuring the/etc/nsswitch.conf File for the NIS Environment 720

The NIS Master Server 723

The NIS Slave Server 724

The NIS Client 724

Configuring an NIS Master,Slave,and Client 725

Configuring an NIS Master Server 725

Exercise 26-3:Preparing the NIS Master Server 725

Exercise 26-4:Configuring the NIS Master Server 726

Configuring the NIS Slave Server 727

Exercise 26-5:Configuring the NIS Master Server 727

Configuring the NIS Client 728

Exercise 26-6:Configuring the NIS Client 728

Adding a New NIS Map to an Existing Network 729

Exercise 26-7:Adding a New NIS Map to an Existing Domain 730

Exercise 26-8:Adding a New NIS Map to the Makefile 730

Updating and Propagating an NIS Map in an Existing Network 731

Exercise 26-9:Updating and Propagating Existing Maps 732

Adding and Removing NIS Slave Servers in the Existing NIS Environment 733

Exercise 26-10:Adding or Removing an NIS Slave Server from the Domain 733

Exercise 26-11:Stopping and Starting the NIS Service 734

Two-Minute Drill 735

Self Test 737

Lab Question 739

Self Test Answers 741

Lab Answer 742

27 Utilizing Role-Based Access Control 745

Relating Role-Based Access Control to Solaris Security 746

A Look at the Traditional Solaris Security Model 746

The RBAC Security Model 750

Exercise 27-1:Traditional Solaris Security:Setting the SUID Bit 752

Understanding the Role-Based Access Control Database Features 753

RBAC Database Format 753

RBAC Tools 760

Exercise 27-2:Adding a New Role to the System 765

Two-Minute Drill 766

Self Test 767

Lab Question 769

Self Test Answers 770

Lab Answer 771

28 Solaris Management Console and Solstice Admin Suite 773

The Solaris Management Console 774

AdminSuite 774

Understanding the Configuration of the Solaris Management Console 775

Configuring the Toolbox Using the GUI 777

Exercise 28-1:Adding Links to Other Toolboxes 777

Exercise 28-2:Creating a Local or Server Toolbox 781

Exercise 28-3:Adding Folders to the Toolbox 784

Exercise 28-4:Adding Tools to the Toolbox 785

Exercise 28-5:Modifying the Toolbox Item Properties 787

Exercise 28-6:Adding a Legacy Application to the Toolbox 788

Understanding the Features of the Solaris Management Console 789

User Administration 790

Process Control 791

Cron Job Control 791

Disk Management 792

UFS Mounts and NFS Shares Management 792

Serial Port Management 792

Log Maintenance 792

Understanding the Features of the Solaris AdminSuite 792

Installation on a Solaris System 793

Installation on a Windows System 796

Running AdminSuite 800

Two-Minute Drill 801

Self Test 802

Lab Question 803

Self Test Answers 804

Lab Answer 804

29 JumpStart Automatic Installation 807

Defining the Main Components of a JumpStart Server 808

Using the add_install_client Script Syntax 811

Using the Boot Service Function on a Subnet 812

Exercise 29-1:Creating a Boot Server 812

Understanding the Events That Occur During the JumpStart Client Boot Sequence 813

Using the Necessary Files to Support the JumpStart Boot Operation 814

Understanding the sysidcfg File With and Without Name Service Support 815

Setting Up a JumpStart Install Server System 817

Exercise 29-2:Creating an Install Server 817

Using the add_to_install_server,modify_install_server,and add_install_client Scripts 818

The add_to_install_server Script 818

The modify_install_server Script 819

The add_install_client Script 819

Creating a Configuration Server with a Customized Rules File and Class Files 819

Exercise 29-3:Creating the Configuration Server 820

Configuring NIS Name Service Support for JumpStart 825

Two-Minute Drill 831

Self Test 833

Lab Question 835

Self Test Answers 836

Lab Answer 838

Part Ⅲ Appendixes 839

A What's New in Solaris 9 841

B About the CD 845

System Requirements 846

Installing and Running MasterExam 846

MasterExam 846

Electronic Book 847

LearnKey Online Training 847

Help 847

Removing Installation(s) 847

Technical Support 848

LearnKey Technical Support 848

Glossary 849

Index 869