简明实用英语语法PDF电子书下载

Unit 1 Introduction 1

Preview 1

1.1 Sentence elements 1

1.2 Basic sentence types 2

1.3 Categories of phrases 5

Post-class exercise 7

Unit 2 Determiners 9

Preview 9

2.1 Membership 9

2.2 Central determiners 10

2.3 Predeterminers 13

2.4 Postdeterminers 14

Post-class exercise 16

Unit 3 Articles 17

Preview 17

3.1 Generic reference 17

3.2 Specific reference:definite article 19

3.3 Indefinite articles and zero article 24

Post-class exercise 28

Unit 4 Tense and Aspect 30

Preview 30

4.1 Simple present tense 32

4.2 Present progressive aspect 33

4.3 Present perfective aspect 34

4.4 Present perfective progressive aspect 35

4.5 Simple past tense 36

4.6 Past progressive aspect 37

4.7 Past perfective aspect 38

4.8 Past perfective progressive aspect 39

Post-class exercise 39

Unit 5 Future Time 41

Preview 41

5.1 Will/shall+bare infinitive 41

5.2 Be going to+infinitive(be+gonna in oral) 42

5.3 Be to+infinitive 42

5.4 Will/shall+present progressive aspect or perfective aspect 42

5.5 Present progressive 43

5.6 Simple present tense 43

5.7 Expressions for future time in the past 44

Post-class exercise 45

Unit 6 Voice 47

Preview 47

6.1 Active voice(AV)and passive voice(PV) 47

6.2 Constraints on PV transformation 49

6.3 When and where to use PV 51

6.4 Two types of PV 52

Post-class exercise 53

Unit 7 Mood 55

Preview 55

7.1 Present subjunctive mood 55

7.2 Past subjunctive mood 59

Post-class exercise 61

Unit 8 Infinitive 63

Preview 63

8.1 Aspect and voice of the infinitive 64

8.2 Syntactic roles of the infinitive 67

8.3 To-infinitive and bare-infinitive 72

8.4 Preposition to 75

8.5 V+infinitive 77

Post-class exercise 79

Unit 9 -ing Nonfinite Verb 80

Preview 80

9.1 Gerund 80

9.2 Present participle 85

9.3 Comparison between infinitive,gerund and present participle 89

Post-class exercise 90

Unit 10 -en Participle 91

Preview 91

10.1 Subject complement 91

10.2 Attribute 92

10.3 Adverbial 92

10.4 Object complement 93

10.5 Independent structure 94

Post-class exercise 95

Unit 11 Relative Clause 97

Preview 97

11.1 Types of relative clause 97

11.2 Relative pronouns 100

11.3 Relative adverbs 102

Post-class exercise 102

Unit 12 Nominal Clause 105

Preview 105

12.1 Subject clause 105

12.2 Object clause 107

12.3 Complement clause 108

Post-class exercise 111

Unit 13 Adverbial Clause 112

Preview 112

13.1 Adverbial clause of time 112

13.2 Adverbial clause of cause 114

13.3 Adverbial clause of concession 115

13.4 Adverbial clause of condition 116

13.5 Adverbial clause of manner 117

13.6 Adverbial clause of place 119

13.7 Adverbial clause of purpose 120

13.8 Adverbial clause of result 121

Post-class exercise 122

Unit 14 Conditional Clause 123

Preview 123

14.1 Type Ⅰ（real condition） 124

14.2 Type Ⅱ（real condition） 125

14.3 Type Ⅲ （unreal condition） 126

14.4 Type Ⅳ （unreal condition） 128

Post-class exercise 129

Unit 15 Wh-movement 130

Preview 130

15.1 Wh-movement(direct question) 130

15.2 Wh-movement(indirect question) 132

15.3 Constraints on wh-movement 133

Post-class exercise 136

Keys to the Exercises 137

References 164