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Chapter 1 Overview of Pediatrics 1

1.1 The Scope of Pediatrics 1

1.2 The Characteristic of Pediatrics 2

1.3 The Development of Pediatrics and Its Future 2

Chapter 2 Child Growth and Development 3

2.1 Patterns and Influencing Factors of Growth and Development 3

2.2 Measurement and Evaluation of Physical Growth 6

2.3 Measurement and Evaluation of Neurological and Psychological Development 14

Chapter 3 Principles of Diagnosis and Treatment for Children's Diseases 22

3.1 History Taking and Physical Examination in Pediatrics 22

3.2 General Principles of Treatment in Pediatrics 28

3.3 Body Fluid and Electrolytes 34

Chapter 4 Nutrition and Nutritional Disorders 44

4.1 Basic Nutrition 44

4.2 The Feeding of Infants 51

4.3 Nutrition Guide for the Period from Toddler to Adolescent 56

4.4 Nutritional Assessment 57

4.5 Protein and Energy Malnutrition 60

4.6 Obesity 63

4.7 Vitamin A Deficiency 68

4.8 Rickets of Vitamin D Deficiency 72

4.9 Tetany of Vitamin D Deficiency 77

Chapter 5 Neonate and Neonatal Diseases 80

5.1 General Introduction 80

5.2 Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy 82

5.3 Neonatal Jaundice 86

5.4 Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome 94

5.5 Meconium Aspiration Syndrome 98

5.6 Neonatal Sepsis 102

5.7 Urinary Tract Infection 106

5.8 Neonatal Pneumonia 108

5.9 Intracranial Hemorrhage in Neonates 110

5.10 Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis(NEC) 113

5.11 Neonatal Hypoglycemia 116

Chapter 6 Genetics,Metabolism and Endocrine Diseases 120

6.1 Trisomy 21 120

6.2 Turner Syndrome 122

6.3 Phenylketonuria 125

6.4 Hypopituitary Short Statures 128

6.5 Congenital Hypothyroidism 133

6.6 Diabetes Mellitus in Children 137

6.7 Precocious Puberty 143

Chapter 7 Immune Deficiency 148

7.1 Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunodeficiency Diseases 148

7.2 Primary Immunodeficiency Syndrome 150

7.3 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 154

Chapter 8 Infectious Diseases 157

8.1 General Introduction 157

8.2 Measles 158

8.3 Rubella 161

8.4 Roseola Infantum/Exanthem Subitum 163

8.5 Varicella 165

8.6 Mumps 168

8.7 Poliomyelitis 171

8.8 Infectious Mononucleosis 173

8.9 Scarlet Fever 177

8.10 Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease 179

8.11 Bacillary Dysentery(Toxic Type) 181

8.12 Sepsis 184

8.13 Epidemic Encephalitis B 188

8.14 Tuberculosis 190

Chapter 9 Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System 196

9.1 The Development and Physiological Functions of the Digestive System 196

9.2 Gastritis 201

9.3 Diarrhea 205

Chapter 10 Respiratory Diseases 211

10.1 Respiratory Anatomy,Physiology and Examinations 211

10.2 Acute Upper Respiratory Infection 215

10.3 Acute Laryngitis 219

10.4 Acute Bronchitis 221

10.5 Acute Bronchiolitis 223

10.6 Pneumonia in Children 226

10.7 Asthma 234

10.8 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome 242

Chapter 11 Cardiovascular System Diseases 247

11.1 Congenital Heart Disease 247

11.2 Viral Myocarditis 258

11.3 Congestive Heart Failure 262

11.4 Arrhythmia in Children 265

Chapter 12 Urinary System Diseases 275

12.1 Anatomical and Physiological Characteristics of Urinary System in Children 275

12.2 Acute Glomerulonephritis 277

12.3 Nephrotic Syndrome 280

12.4 Urinary System Infection 284

12.5 Acute Renal Failure 288

Chapter 13 Hematological Disorders 291

13.1 Nutritional Anemia 291

13.2 Hemolytic Anemias 296

13.3 Idiopathic(Immune)Thrombocytopenic Purpura(ITP) 300

13.4 Acute Leukemia 305

Chapter 14 Neurological Diseases 313

14.1 Bacterial Meningitis 313

14.2 Viral Encephalitis 318

14.3 Acute Inflammatory Polyradiculoneuritis 323

14.4 Epilepsy 326

14.5 Cerebral Palsy 332

Chapter 15 Rheumatic Diseases 338

15.1 Acute Rheumatic Fever 338

15.2 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis 342

15.3 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 347

15.4 Henoch-schonlein Purpura 352

15.5 Kawasaki Disease 354

Chapter 16 Pediatric Critical Care 359

16.1 Cardiopulmonary Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 359

16.2 Seizure in Children 365

16.3 Acute Respiratory Failure 368

16.4 Septic Shock 371

Index 376