高等固体物理学 第2版PDF电子书下载

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Spontaneously broken symmetry 1

1.2 Tracking broken symmetry:order parameter 4

1.3 Beyond broken symmetry 7

References 9

2 Non-interacting electron gas 10

Problems 15

3 Born-Oppenheimer approximation 16

3.1 Basic Hamiltonian 16

3.2 Adiabatic approximation 17

3.3 Tight-binding approximation 20

Problem 22

References 23

4 Second quantization 24

4.1 Bosons 24

4.2 Fermions 26

4.3 Fermion operators 27

Problems 30

References 30

5 Hartree-Fock approximation 31

5.1 Non-interacting limit 31

5.2 Hartree-Fock approximation 33

5.3 Diagrams 35

Problem 36

References 36

6 Interacting electron gas 37

6.1 Uniform electron gas 38

6.2 Hartree-Fock excitation spectrum 40

6.3 Cohesive energy of metals 42

Summary 48

Problems 48

References 49

7 Local magnetic moments in metals 51

7.1 Local moments:phenomenology 51

7.2 Impurity density of states 54

7.3 Green functions 60

7.4 Friedel's sum rule and local moments 70

Summary 74

Appendix to Chapter 7:Luttinger's theorem 74

Problems 79

References 79

8 Quenching of local moments:the Kondo problem 80

8.1 The Kondo Hamiltonian 82

8.2 Why is J negative? 83

8.3 Scattering and the resistivity minimum 87

8.4 Electron-impurity scattering amplitudes 94

8.5 Kondo temperature 99

8.6 Poor Man's scaling 102

Summary 109

Appendix to Chapter 8:the Schrieffer-Wolff transformation 109

Problems 113

References 114

9 Screening and plasmons 115

9.1 Thomas-Fermi screening 115

9.2 Plasma oscillations and collective coordinates 117

9.3 Linear response theory 122

9.4 Dielectric response function 127

9.5 Kubo formula:electrical conductivity 137

9.6 Stopping power of a plasma 140

Summary 143

Problems 144

References 145

10 Bosonization 146

10.1 Luttinger liquid 146

10.2 Bosonization of Luttinger model 151

10.3 Pair binding:can electrons do it alone? 160

10.4 Excitation spectrum 162

Summary 167

Problems 167

References 168

11 Electron-Iattice interactions 169

11.1 Harmonic chain 169

11.2 Acoustic phonons 171

11.3 Electron-phonon interaction 172

11.4 Ultrasonic attenuation 176

11.5 Electrical conduction 178

Summary 187

Problems 187

References 188

12 Superconductivity in metals 189

12.1 Superconductivity:phenomenology 189

12.2 Electron-phonon effective interaction 197

12.3 Model interaction 199

12.4 Cooper pairs 201

12.5 Fermi liquid theory 205

12.6 Pair amplitude 216

12.7 BCS ground state 221

12.8 Pair fluctuations 224

12.9 Ground state energy 226

12.10 Critical magnetic field 229

12.11 Energy gap 231

12.12 Quasi-particle excitations 233

12.13 Thermodynamics 237

12.14 Experimental applications 241

12.15 Josephson tunneling 253

Summary 255

Problems 255

References 257

13 Disorder:localization and exceptions 258

13.1 Primer on localization 259

13.2 Return probability:localization criterion 261

13.3 Weak localization 264

13.4 Scaling theory 269

13.5 Exceptions to localization 275

Summary 285

Problems 286

References 287

14 Quantum phase transitions 289

14.1 Quantum rotor model 291

14.2 Scaling 293

14.3 Mean-field solution 296

14.4 Landau-Ginsburg theory 302

14.5 Transport properties 306

14.6 Experiments 308

14.7 Scaling and T-linear resistivity 310

Problems 314

References 314

15 Quantum Hall and other topological states 317

15.1 What is the quantum Hall effect? 317

15.2 Landau levels 320

15.3 The role of disorder 324

15.4 Currents at the edge 326

15.5 Topological insulators 330

15.6 Laughlin liquid 343

Summary 349

Problems 349

References 350

16 Electrons at strong coupling:Mottness 353

16.1 Band insulator 354

16.2 Mott's problem 357

16.3 Much ado about zeros:Luttinger surface 363

16.4 Beyond the atomic limit:Heisenberg versus Slater 368

16.5 Dynamical spectral weight transfer 380

16.6 Epilogue:1＝2-1 396

Problems 397

References 398

Index 400