AN INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDUREPDF电子书下载

Part A Introduction 1

1 Introduction: What is International Criminal Law? 1

1.1 International criminal law 1

1.2 Other concepts of international criminal law 3

1.3 Sources of international criminal law 6

1.4 International criminal law and other areas of law 9

1.5 A body of criminal law 12

2 The Objectives of International Criminal Law 17

2.1 Introduction 17

2.2 The aims of international criminal justice 18

2.3 Alternatives and complements to criminal prosecution 30

Part B Prosecutions in National Courts 37

3 Jurisdiction 37

3.1 Introduction 37

3.2 The forms of jurisdiction 37

3.3 Conceptual matters 39

3.4 The 'traditional' heads of jurisdiction 40

3.5 Universal jurisdiction 44

4 National Prosecutions of International Crimes 54

4.1 Introduction 54

4.2 National prosecutions 54

4.3 State obligations to prosecute or extradite 58

4.4 Domestic criminal law and criminal jurisdiction 61

4.5 Statutory limitations 64

4.6 Principle of non-retroactivity 66

4.7 Ne bis in idem or double jeopardy 67

4.8 Practical obstacles to national prosecutions 69

5 State Cooperation with Respect to National Proceedings 71

5.1 Introduction 71

5.2 International agreements 72

5.3 Some basic features 73

5.4 Extradition 79

5.5 Mutual legal assistance 86

5.6 Transfer of proceedings 88

5.7 Enforcement of penalties 88

Part C International Prosecutions 91

6 The History of International Criminal Prosecutions:Nuremberg and Tokyo 91

6.1 Introduction 91

6.2 The Commission on the Responsibility of the Authors of the War 91

6.3 The Nuremberg International Military Tribunal 92

6.4 The Tokyo International Military Tribunal 96

6.5 Control Council Law No. 10 trials and military commissions in the Pacific sphere 100

7 The ad hoc International Criminal Tribunals 102

7.1 Introduction 102

7.2 The International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia 102

7.3 The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda 112

8 The International Criminal Court 119

8.1 Introduction 119

8.2 The creation of the ICC 119

8.3 Structure and composition of the ICC 124

8.4 Crimes within the jurisdiction of the ICC 125

8.5 Complementarity 127

8.6 Initiation of proceedings (the 'trigger mechanisms') 133

8.7 Jurisdiction: personal, territorial and temporal 135

8.8 Deferral of investigation or prosecution 138

8.9 Enforcement of the ICC's decisions 139

8.10 Opposition to the ICC 139

8.11 Early developments at the ICC 145

9 Other Courts with International Elements 149

9.1 Introduction 149

9.2 Courts established by agreement between the United Nations and a State 150

9.3 Courts established by the United Nations or other international administration 155

9.4 Courts established by a State with international support 160

9.5 Lockerbie: an ad hoc solution for a particular incident 162

9.6 Relationship to the ICC 162

Part D Substantive Law of International Crimes 165

10 Genocide 165

10.1 Introduction 165

10.2 The protected groups 169

10.3 Material elements 174

10.4 Mental elements 179

10.5 Other acts 185

11 Crimes Against Humanity 187

11.1 Introduction 187

11.2 Common elements (the contextual threshold) 191

11.3 Prohibited acts 200

12 War Crimes 221

12.1 Introduction 221

12.2 Common issues 232

12.3 Specific offences 241

13 Aggression 262

13.1 Introduction 262

13.2 State responsibility for unlawful use of force 267

13.3 Material elements 271

13.4 Mental elements 274

13.5 Prosecution of aggression in the ICC 275

14 Transnational Crimes, Terrorism and Torture 281

14.1 Introduction 281

14.2 Terrorism 283

14.3 Torture 294

Part E Principles and Procedures of International Prosecutions 301

15 General Principles of Liability 301

15.1 Introduction 301

15.2 Perpetration/commission 302

15.3 Joint criminal enterprise 304

15.4 Aiding and abetting 310

15.5 Ordering, instigating, soliciting, inducing and inciting 312

15.6 Planning, preparation, attempt and conspiracy 316

15.7 Mental elements 318

15.8 Command/superior responsibility 320

16 Defences/Grounds for Excluding Criminal Responsibility 331

16.1 Introduction 331

16.2 The ICC Statute and defences 332

16.3 Mental incapacity 333

16.4 Intoxication 335

16.5 Self-defence, defence of others and of property 337

16.6 Duress and necessity 339

16.7 Mistake of fact and law 341

16.8 Superior orders 342

16.9 Other'defences' 346

17 Procedures of International Criminal Investigations and Prosecutions 349

17.1 International criminal procedures 349

17.2 International criminal proceedings and human rights 353

17.3 Actors in the proceedings and their roles 359

17.4 Jurisdiction and admissibility procedures 364

17.5 Commencement and discontinuance of a criminal investigation 365

17.6 The criminal investigation 366

17.7 Coercive measures 368

17.8 Prosecution and indictment 373

17.9 Pre-trial proceedings-preparations for trial 378

17.10 Evidentiary rules 382

17.11 Admission of guilt, guilty pleas, plea-bargaining 384

17.12 Trial and judgment 386

17.13 Appeals proceedings 388

17.14 Revision 390

17.15 Offences against the administration of justice 391

18 Sentencing, Penalties and Reparations to Victims 393

18.1 International punishment of crimes 393

18.2 Purposes of sentencing 395

18.3 Sentencing practice 396

18.4 Reparations to victims 400

18.5 Sentencing procedures 400

18.6 Pardon, early release and review of sentence 401

18.7 Enforcement 401

Part F Relationship Between National and International Systems 405

19 State Cooperation with the International Courts and Tribunals 405

19.1 Characteristics of the cooperation regimes 405

19.2 Obligation to cooperate 406

19.3 Non-States Parties and international organizations 410

19.4 Non-compliance 412

19.5 Cooperation and the ICC complementarity principle 412

19.6 Authority to seek cooperation and defence rights 413

19.7 Arrest and surrender 414

19.8 Other forms of legal assistance 416

19.9 Domestic implementation 419

19.10 An assessment 420

20 Immunities 422

20.1 Introduction 422

20.2 Functional immunity 428

20.3 Affirmation of personal immunity before national courts 434

20.4 Relinquishment of personal immunity in international courts 438

20.5 Conclusion 444

21 Conclusions: The Future of International Criminal Law 446

21.1 Introduction 446

21.2 International courts and tribunals 446

21.3 Developments in national prosecutions of international crimes 447

21.4 The trend towards accountability 449

21.5 The development of international criminal law 451

21.6 The path forward (or back?) 453

Index 456