代谢与营养PDF电子书下载

Part I: Processes of Mefabolism and Nurtition 1

Pretace 3

1.Overview of Metabolism 3

Useful definitions 3

Acknowledaements 5

Basic principles of bioenergelics 5

2.carbohydrate and Energy metabolism 7

Glycolysis and its regulation 7

Dedication 8

Central role of acetyl CoA 15

Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA Cycle) 18

Generation of ATP 24

Glycogen metabolism 28

Role of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate 37

Fructose, galactose, ethanol, and sorbitol 39

3.Production of NADPH 45

Pentose phosphate pathway and the pyruvate-malate cycle 45

The roles of NADPH 48

Lipid biosynthesis 51

4.Lipid Metabolism 51

Lipid breakdown 60

Cholesterol metabolism 65

Transporl of Iipids 69

The ketone bodies 74

5.Protein Metabolism 77

Biosynthesis of the non-essential amino acids 77

Protein breakdown and the disposal of nitrogen 82

Gluconeogenesis and the metabolism of amino acids to glucose and fat 89

Amino acid metabolism in individual tissues 94

6.Purines,Pyrimidines, and Haem 99

One-carbon pool 99

Purine metabolism 101

Pyrimidine metabolism 107

Haem metabolism 112

7.Metabolic Integration 117

Glucose homeostasis 117

Basic principles of human nutrition 125

8.Nutrition 125

Energy balance 126

Protein nutrition 130

Vitamins 131

Minerals 141

Part II: Clinical Assessment 148

9.Taking a History 149

Thisngs to remember when taking a history 149

Common presenting complaints 151

General inspection 157

10.Examination of the Patient 157

Limbs 160

Head and neck 162

Thorax 164

The abdomen 166

11.Further Investigations 169

Routine investigations 169

Assessment of nutritional status 175

Part III: Basic Pathology 180

12.Important Metabolic Disorders 181

Disorders of glucose and energy metabolism 181

Disorders of Iipid metabolism 188

Disorders of amino acid metabolism 190

Disorders of purine pyrimidine metabolism 193

Disorders of haem metabolism 194

13.Important Nutritional Disorders 199

Disorders of protein nutrition and energy balance 199

The fat-soluble vitamins:deficiency and excess 202

The water-soluble vitamins: effects of deficiency 205

Disorders of mineral nutrition 210

Part IV: Self-assessment 218

Multipke-choice Questions 219

Short-answer Questions 224

Essay Questions 225

MCQ Answers 226

SAQ Answers 227

Index 232