金属术语辞典PDF电子书下载

索引 1

A 1

Ao transformation 1

Angstr？m 5

Oil hardening 6

Roast sand mould 6

Oil tempering 6

Sheradizing 7

Mazic Zinc black method 7

Izod impact testing machine 8

Squeezing point 9

Rolling reduction 9

Hypo-eutectic 10

Hypo-eutectoid steel 10

Ansler universal testing machine 11

Pass 11

K 11

Antimony lattice 11

Kaliber 11

Punching 11

Stabilizing annealing 12

S 12

Safety factor 12

Dark field reflection micro-scope 12

Roughing stand 13

Rough rolls 13

Rough casts 13

Break down 13

Caustic embrittlement 17

Rast 20

Sweating out 20

Bosh 20

Pressing 21

Compressive load 21

Compression flbre structure 21

Compressibility 21

Heading 22

Mill finish 22

Extruding 22

Pressure coefficient 23

Ply metal 23

Expansion thermometer 23

Overdraft 23

Cladding 23

United pouring 23

Magnification 24

Buffing 24

Roasting 25

Flux 25

Old sand 25

Combustion casting process 26

Universal testing machine 27

Balner series 27

J 29

Jeweller s red 29

Best coke grade tin plate 30

Bierbaum microcharacter 30

T 31

Solid nonmetallic impurities 31

Tails 31

Sonims 31

Tailings 31

Microradiography 32

Shattered crack 32

Microscopic stresses 32

Microporosity 33

Art metal 33

Cogging mill 35

Cogging hammer 35

Efficiency percentage 35

Blooming 35

Blooming mill 35

Polarization 36

Split transformation 36

Tin plate 37

Body srres 39

Chaplet furnace 41

Metal colouring 41

Scale for casting 42

Shrinkage allowance 42

Nitriding 42

Accumulator 43

Pressure tight cast 43

Killed ingot 43

Regenerator 43

White pig 43

Chilled roll 44

Delayed transformation 45

Knurling 46

Supersonic machining 47

Supersonic flaw detecting 47

Direct extrusion 47

Soniclean procese 47

Columnar structure 49

Mother alloy 50

Cored steel 51

Hollow forging 51

Transitional structure 51

Neutral refractory material 52

Teeming 52

Casting strains 53

Casting design 53

Die radius 54

Bloom 54

Dies body 55

Dies sealping 55

Elastic limit 56

Elastic deformation 56

Geometrical moment of inertia 56

Dummy block 56

Elasticity 56

Modulus of section 56

Elastic failure 57

Elastic hysteresis 57

Modulus of elasticity 57

Dezincing 58

Decar ourization 58

Cutting scrap 58

Elastic after effect 58

Percussion figure 59

Cell 59

Impulsion process 59

Potentiometer 59

Electrolytic iron 60

Electrolytic polishing 60

Electrolytic hardening 60

Electrical resistance pyro-meter 61

Electro-unite tube 62

Electrolytic solution pressure 62

Direct electric process 62

Electron diffration 63

Isotope 64

Dilatometer 33, 64

Homopolar crystals 65

Homopolar compound 65

Power hammer 66

Dynamic test 66

Dynamic quenching 66

Allotropic transformation 66

Power press 66

Liquid flame hardening 69

Permanent set 69

Liquid carburizing material 70

Liquid honing 70

Basic open hearth furnace 71

Drop hardness 71

Basic refractory material 72

Ductile rupture 72

Ductility 72

Grain refining temperature1 72

Centrifugal casting 73

Plain roll 73

Ferrite 76

Féry radiation pyrometer 76

Rimmed ingot 78

Passivity 78

Lute 78

Nonvariant system 79

Deep orawing 79

Enclosure 79

Sessile dislocation 79

Blowing out 79

Blowing in 80

Rehardening 80

Double acting hammer 80

Rückbildung 80

Equilibrium in hetero-geneous system 80

Double two high mill 81

Recarburization 81

Double equilibrium state diagram 81

Bulging 81

Composite steel 81

Plumbago 82

Carbon restoration 82

Powder metailurgy 82

Fog quenching 82

Multiple crystal method 82

Double carbide 82

Fly test reagent 83

Frank-Read source 83

Hoop 83

Spray hardening 83

Plus mesh 85

Minus mesh 85

Screen classification 85

Corrosion fatigue 86

Etching reagent 86

Etching figure 86

Corrosion embrittiement 86

Anisotropic substance 87

Simple time quenching 87

Gairome-clay 88

Rotguss 88

Copper silumin 89

Impregnation 89

Gas cutting 90

G 90

Electron compound 90

Gaede s rotary oil pump 90

Venting 90

D 91

Damping capacity 91

Atomic percentage 91

Relative valency effect 91

Guerin forming 91

Silica sand 92

Coin silver 92

Quasi-binary system 92

Q 92

Pseudo-binary system 92

Ferro alloy 93

Breaking point 93

Synthetic cast iron 95

Modulus of rigidity 95

B 96

Back tension 96

Cohesive strength 97

Inverse segregation 97

Condensed system 97

Scab,Scabby 98

Figure 8 quenching 98

Harbert pendulum hard-ness tester 98

Core print 98

Case hardening 99

Tuyere 100

Cupellation 100

P 101

Pack annealing 101

Ccefficient of rupture 101

Platinum black 101

Pack 101

Edge dislocation 101

Box annealing 101

Harkort granular carbon resistance furnace 101

Pyrophoric alloy 101

White pig iron 102

White heart malleable cast iron 102

Exfoliation 102

Gaffing 102

Fracture number 103

Flake(s) 84, 103

White slag 103

White spot 103

Harf killed ingot 104

Diamagnetis substance 104

Scleroscope test 105

Semi coke 105

Slush casting 105

Reverberatory furnace 105

Feno static pressure 106

Wire drawing machine 106

Disruptive strength 106

Mean stress 107

Parallel portion 107

Bed coke 107

Fill coke 107

Equilibrium state diagram 108

Crossed pass 108

Open hearth steel 108

Open hearth process 108

Transition of equilibrium 108

Graphite flake 109

Deformation band 109

Cleavage structure 109

Cleavage plane 109

Polarization micrcscope 109

Cupping test 109

Segregation 110

Flatten-close test 110

Flattening test 110

Monctectic crystal 110

Tarnish 110

Transformation 111

Transformation annealing 111

Transition lattice 111

Sub-critical treatment 111

Unelastics 112

Riffles 112

Spark test 112

Optical pyrometer 113

Cold shut 113

Gravity segregation 113

Interference dilatometer 113

Shielded-arc welding 113

Slag covered electrode 113

Flux coated electrode 113

Solid drawn tube 114

Interrupted quenching 49, 114

Light cut method 114

Drawing die 114

Pull cracks 115

Scratch hardness 115

Base metal thermoccuple 115

Stretch forming 116

Proportional limit 116

Stretcher flattening 116

Tensile failure 116

Stretcher straightening 116

Fatigue failure 117

Degree of fatigue 117

Chilling block 118

Amorphous cement theory 118

Mould(Mold)chill 118

Strain figure 119

Strain aging 119

Modulus of strain harden-ing 119

Strain hardening exponent 119

Electro spark machining 119

Spark hardening 120

Directional properties 120

Homogeneous coating 120

Orientation effect 120

Enamel 121

Radioactive metals 122

R 122

Envelope 122

Skin 123

Surface hardening 88, 124

Normal structure 124

Gauge length 124

Skin drying mould 124

Surface cracking 124

Shrinkage hole 125

Moncvariant system 125

One component system 126

Primary troostite 126

Primary eutectoid carbide 126

Heredity 126

Refiuing 48, 126

Mould 127

Sintering of casting surface 127

Anisotropic 127

Abnormal steel 128

Bleed ingot 129

Pouring 129

Shrinkage rule 129

Moulding sand 129

Heteropolar compound 129

Moulder s rule 129

Sulphur printing 131

Cathodic protection 131

Achromatic lens 132

Colorimetric pyrometer 132

Phase contrasts microscpe 133

Constant denection test 133

Mis run 133

Spontaneous annealing 134

Z 134

Magnetic separator 134

Time quenching 134

Matrix 134

Ziglo penetrant method 134

Direct tempering 47, 134

Magnetic blow 135

Magnetostriction 135

Recording differential dilatometer 135

Aging 136

Magnetic flaw detecting 136

Magnetic hardness 136

Season crack 136

Self annealing 136

Self hardening 136

Artificial silica sand 137

Self tempering 137

Girod furnace 137

Toughness 137

Differential neating 138

Differential dilatometer 138

Autogeneous welding 138

Preforming 139

Autogeneous smelting 139

Top and bottom process 139

Degree of freedom 139

Upper yield point 140

Paramagnetic 140

Steam hammer 140

Upset test 141

Cold shortness 141

Progressive quenching 142

Dendrite 144

Interdendritic attack 145

Pressure nitrizing 147

Pulverization 149

Combined carbon 150

Sterling silver 150

Coiuing 150

Keyhole specimen 150

Coinage metals 151

Stepped refining 151

Stepped extrusion 151

Coin bronze 151

Supersaturation 151

Stepped aging 151

Erholung 152

Recovery 152

Stepped quenching 152

Open pass 153

Free cutting steel 153

Modification 153

Cavity 153

Cavitation erosion 153

Overaging 154

Roller stamping die 154

Rotary shearing 154

Rotary swager 154

Rotation-reflexion axis 154

Lower yield point 155

Tap density 155

Nucleus magnet 155

Enlarge test 155

Goniometer method 155

Hyper-eutectic 156

Coring 156

Hyper-eutectoid steel 156

Seaming 156

Fin 157

Die quenching 157

N 157

Gripping angle 157

Neck pinion 157

Hot plate tempering 158

Heat tinting 158

Thermal straightening 158

Dry quenching 159

Tube reducer 159

Interrupted aging 159

Ingot tilter 160

Interference method 160

Dry tempering 160

Pyrometallurgy 160

Dead roast 161

Overstressing 161

Ultimate roasting 161

U 161

Sinking 162

M 162

Machinability 162

Moulding box 163

Calcination 163

Activation energy 163

Scorification 163

Lap weld 163

C 163

Lifter 164

Recarbonizer 165

Swage forging 166

Total dislocation 166

Stamp forging 166

Die forging 166

Matte 167

Blast box 167

Scalping 167

Tilting process 168

Taper sectioning 168

Durville process 54, 169

Levigation 169

Ultimate strength 169

Grindability 170

Iron bear 171

Nodular troostite 171

Grain refiner 172

Intercrystalline failures 173

Crystal class 175

H 175

Hair crack 175

Blow hole 176

Mechanical twia 177

Chrysanthemum structure 178

Metallic cementation 178

Gold leaf 178

Gold filled 178

Volatile corrosion inhibitor 178

Soaking pit 178

Intermetallic compound 178

Homogenizing 179

Silky fracture 179

Metal made lacquerware 179

Nick bend test 180

Notch sensitivity 180

Coupon 181

Tensile load 181

Crop 181

Metal clading 181

Superlattice 46,141, 181

Notch brittleness 181

Flemish 182

Ragging 182

Scar 182

Flaw 182

Wedged cake 182

Identity period 183

Pre-stressed concrete 184

Hard filmed aluminium 185

Liquated surface 185

Bright dip 186

Blackness 186

Ingot tumbler 186

Graphitic embrittlement 187

Cloudburst process 188

Mixed dislocation 189

Mulling 189

Artificial aging 190

Isothermal transformation 190

Hot bend test 191

Cup fracture 192

Hoch-ofen 193

Pig-ore Process 195

Oreing 195

Semi steel 105, 195

Skimmer 141, 195

Slag pocket 195

Hard solder 193, 196

Nominal stress 196

Process annealing 50, 198

Solidus line 198

Stiffness 198

Cavitation 199

Air classification 199

Space lattice 199

Pneumatic sand rammer 200

Repeated torsicn test 202

Mould coating material 204

Chrome pickle 205

Black pickling 206

Black annealing 206

Black coating 206

Local contraction 207

Scrubbing 207

Local action 207

Leveling 207

Resonance type bend fatigue tester 208

Eutectic crystal 208

Upsetting 13, 208

Eutectoid transformaticn 208

Specular iron 210

Tolerance limit 210

Spheroidizing 210

Allowable stress 210

Adscrption 210

Spheroidal cementite 211

Absorber 212

Severity of quench 212

Absorption edge 212

Umklappen 213

O 213

Occlusion 213

Mottled cast iron 215

Bending roll 215

Bull block 216

Power reels 216

Wrapping test 216

Abrasion 217

Porthole die 217

Loam 217

Martensite temper 219

Galling 221

Medart straightner 221

Friction zone 221

Exnlcsive rivet 222

Plating 222

Blind riveting 222

Mesnager impact test piece 222

Tight rolling 223

Apparent density 224

Orange peel effect 224

Closed dies 225

Water annealing 225

Triad 225

Denslty ratio 225

Close annealing 225

Network of cementite 226

Board hammer 133, 226

Network structure 226

Water hardening 226

Astatic galvanometer 227

Filling 227

Tough pitch copper 227

Aplanatic lens 227

Pig iron 228

Dolomite bed 229

Dolomite hearth 229

Wet moulding sand 229

Green sand mould 229

Lead dip process 230

Softening 230

Torsion balance 230

Taking the snap out 230

Screw stock 230

Hot extrusion 231

Torsion test 231

Hot working 231

Roll threading 231

Twisting 231

Hot stove 232

Burning 226, 232

Burnt structure 232

Thermo electric pyrometer 233

Thermo electric effeot 234

Heat checks 234

Under heating 234

Hot shortness 235

Two-stepped quenching 235

Hot bath quenching 235

Draft 9, 236

Two high reversing mill 237

Secondary eutectoid carbide 237

Double quenching 235, 238

Regeneratieg quenching 238

Emulsified oil quenching 242

Transverse test 243

Brass solder 244

Oilless bearing 244

Temperature gradiont 245

Oxyferrite 245

Backward slip 245

Stress corrosion cracking 246

Relaxation 246

Extrusion 246

Stress relieving 246

Varnishing 247

Antipiping compound 247

Expand test 247

Hot top 247

Yellow-gold alloy 248

Y 248

Austenaging 249

Austenite stressing 249

Austenite stabilization 249

Austennealiug 250

Autofrettage 251

Drop forging 65, 251

Pilger tube-reducing process 257

Foot press 258

Press straightening machine 259

Falling weight test 262

F 262

Screw dislocation 263

Ladle scrap 228, 264

Cold pressure welding 264

Chilled casting 265

Anisothermal diagram 265

Chilled effect 265

Wrought iron 266

Critical dia 268

Critical range 268

Ideal critical dia 270

Top charging 270

Backet charging 270

I 270

Furnace bosh 271

Bath analysis 271

Transport roller 272

Roll flattening 272

Shaft 272

Roller straightening machine 272

Soldering 273

Rolling 273

Brazing sheet 273

Lost wax process 271, 274

Hearth 274

Solder embrittlement 274

Granulation 275

Grained metal 275

Granulated metal 275

Crucible 275

Intergranular corrosion 276

Crystal boundary etching 276

Interangular corrosion 276

Grain boundary migration 276

Flow line 277

Streamline tube 277

Luppe 277

Sub-boundary structure 279

Sub-zero treatment 264, 279

Differential qaenching 279

Cellular structure 279

Fretting corrosion 280

Primes 280

Recalescence point 280

Chafing fatigue 280

Blister 88, 281

Pickling inhibitor 281

Pickling 281

Three high blooming mill 282

Trigonal lattice 283

Addition materials 285

Setting down 286

Straightening mill 286

Electric painting 286

Normal segregation 287

Cyaniding 287

Smoothing mill 288

Washed steel 288

Reeling machine 288

Blue heating 289

Bluing 12, 289

Blue shortness 289

Blue annealing 289

Red mud 290

Process metallurgy 290

Valve effect 290

Static queuching 290

Static test 290

Red hardness 291

Red shortness 291

Cut open test 291

Pack rolling 291

Limy process 291

Resolved shear stress 293

Shearing stress 293

Spinning 111, 293

Wire drawing 293

Banded structure 245, 294

Transition layer theory 294

Latent heat 295

Piercing 295

Turbulent layer roasting furnace 295

Wire rod 296

Inherent grain size 296

Forward slip 296

Intercept methed 297

Seam 297

Inoculation 297

Tangent modulus 297

Seed charge 297

Dry copper 298

Joining 298

Faying surface 298

Finishing pass 299

E 300

Ear 300

Stamping 21, 300

Sinking tubing 300

Finish allowance 300

Reduction of area 56, 300

Drawing 300

Colour pyrometer 301

Oacillation casting 301

Rod drawing 301

Core rod 301

Core 229, 301

Siliconized iron plate 302

Core mculding sand 302

Acicular powder 302

Acicular structure 302

Core metal 302

Vacuum evaporation 303

Vacuum impregnation 303

V 304

Vacuum annealing 304

Cored bar 304

Interstitial solid solution 304

Erosion 305

Sulphurizing 305

Immersion coating 305

Caustic dip 305

Carburized structure 306

Carbonitriding 306

Cementation 306

Cloisonné enamel 306

White gold 307

White annealing 307

Under draft 308

Wet tempering 308

Bottom casting 8, 309

Nugget 309

Mass effect 309

Season cracking 310

Impact extrusion 310

Air blast quenching 84, 310

Percussion welding 311

Proeutectoid ferrite 312

Free ferrite 312

Billet 31, 312

Proeutectoid cementite 313

Proeutectoid 313

Proeutectic 313

Reducing mill 314

Shrinkage pipe 315

Principal stress 315

Roughing pass 315

Shrinkage cavity 125, 315

Base bullion 316

Law of proportionality 316

Lamellar pearlite 316

Congruent transformation 316

Plan?metric method 317

Progressive aging 317

Bowing 317

Camber 317

Rocking shear 317

Textural stress 318

Plasticity 318

Twin 319

Upsetter 320

Hydrogen loss 321

Water toughening 321

Amalgam test 321

Stringer 322

Skull 228, 322

Bumper 323

Settling 323

Shake-out 323

Riddle 323

Sand mark 323

Spattering 324

Slag 326

Strip steel 329

Tin cry 330

Tinning 330

Tin sweat 330

Hoop stress 331

Refractory 331

Multiple roll mill 331

Lapping 262, 332

Forging press 332

Endurance ratio 332

Hanging 332

Bulk modulus of elasticity 332

Plug drawing 332

Starting sheet 333

Carbonization 334

Single diagram 334

Carbide annealing 334

Simple stress 334

Pin ？ansion test 335

End quenching 335

Cemented steel 336

Monochromatic X-ray 337

Carburizing 305, 337

Restriking 338

Fixation 338

Modulus of longitudinal elasticity 338

Beating 338

Deflection 338

Arrest 339

Cold brittleness 339

Lonnealing 339

Templin grip 340

Disiocation 340

Spot welding 341

Malleability 341

Mould wash 342

Honing 342

Magnetic permeability 342

Amorphous 342

Idiomorphic crystal 343

Tricky quench 344

L 344

Ladle 344

Throwing power 345

Endurance limit 331, 346

Fatigue limit 117, 346

Flange test 346

Sean welding 346

Permeability 347

Ramming 347

Wrought tool steel 348

Insert 348

Top casting 348

Segment die 349

Parting sand 349

X-ray photo-chemical effect 351

X 351

X-ray crystallography 351

X-ray diffraction 351

X-ray goniometer 351

X-ray nondestructive testing 352

Translation lattice 353

Sand burning 353

Thermal insert 353

Scaling loss 353

Hardenability 354

Quenching media 354

Coolant 354

Hardening penetration 355

Unhardening 355

Thermal shrinking 355

Hardenability band 355

W 356

Warping 356

Temper stressing 357

Soft spot 358

Normalizing 359

Metallurgical carbonization 359

Amalgam plating 359

Green sand 360

as quenched 360

Lamination 348, 361

German silver 361

Hot metal process 361

Hot charging 361

Anode mud 362

Pre-heating 362

Post heating 258, 363

Welding 363

Liquation 97, 363

Brittle rupture 363

Cored structure 364

Pouring basin 364

Runner box 364

Solid solution treatment 364

Runner 365

Grooved roll 365

Snowing 365

Free cementite 366

Film play 366

Retained austenite 367

Residual stress 367

Residual strain 367

Buckling 367

Total dilatometer 368

Brittleness 368

Shift 369

Pig making used sand iron 369

Moulding machine 369