THE DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY OF INTERNATIONAL LAWPDF电子书下载

Introduction 1

Globalisation and the Democratic Deficit 2

The Democratic Legitimacy of International Law 11

The Structure of the Book 15

1 The Democratic Deficit in Global Governance 22

The Vertical' Complaint 23

The 'Horizontal' Complaint 28

The 'Ideological' Complaint 31

The Democratisation of Global Governance 33

Reaffirming Sovereignty 34

A Global Democratic State 43

A Global Democratic Federation 47

A Democratic Peace 50

Perpetual Peace 51

A Law of Peoples 54

Cosmopolitan Democratic Law 60

Democratising International Institutions 64

International Parliamentary Assemblies 65

A UN Parliamentary Assembly 67

The Accountability Deficit 71

The Role of Experts 72

The Accountability of International Organisations 79

Global Discourses: the Role of International Civil Society 83

Conclusion 89

2 Democracy Within and Beyond the State 92

International Law and the Democratic Deficit 94

Politically Decidable Issues 98

Deliberative Democracy 102

Deliberative Majorities 106

Deliberative Politics 108

Human Rights in a Democracy 109

The Parliamentary Principle of Democracy 112

Challenging Democratic Truths: the Role of Judicial Review 113

Deliberative Democracy Beyond the State 115

Conclusion 121

3 The State as （Democratic） Self-Legislator 123

The Sovereign State 124

The State as Self-Legislator 128

Contractual Autonomy 133

Law-Making Treaties 135

Deliberative Diplomacy 138

The Indeterminacy of International Law Obligations 145

The Problem of Customary International Law 150

The Role of the International Law Profession 152

A Modern Form of Customary International Law 154

General Principles of Law 155

The Writings of Publicists and Judgments of Courts 157

The Writings of Publicists 157

The Judgments of Courts 158

Conclusion 161

4 The Constitutionalisation of International Law 163

From Contract to Governance 164

Community Interests and Constitutionalisation 171

The Constitutionalisation of Inteational Law 175

The Normative Hierarchy of International Law 176

Article 103, Charter of the United Nations 179

The International Constitution 182

The International Constitutional Order 187

Liberal Democratic Values in International Law 193

Rule of Law 194

International Human Rights Law 198

Human Rights in the United Nations System 202

The Construction of the Liberal State 207

Conclusion 210

5 Democracy in International Law 211

Democracy in International Law 212

Democratic Self-Determination 213

A （Human） Right to Democracy 219

Democracy in the Practice of States 222

Membership of International Organisations 223

Democracy in the International Law Order 228

Democratic Regime Change in International Law 231

Operation Enduring Freedom （Afghanistan） 235

Operation Iraqi Freedom 237

Conclusion 245

6 International Governance by Non-State Actors 247

Global Governance 249

International ‘Soft' Law 253

Non-State Actors as Law-Makers 256

The UN Security Council 257

‘Networks' of Officials: Basel Committee on BankingStandards 264

Public-Private Partnerships: World Commission on Dams 267

Private International Governance Schemes 269

Governance by Non-State Actors 271

7 A Concept of （International） Law 277

The Concept of （State） Law 277

Autopoiesis: Law as a Closed System of Communication 280

Global Bukowina 286

The Fragmentation of International Law 289

Constitutionalisation Beyond the State 292

The Idea of Law 296

The Idea of Authority 300

Democracy and the Concept of Authority 303

A Revised Concept of Law 309

8 Deliberative Democracy Beyond the State 311

The Idea of Constituent Power 312

Democracy and the Exercise of Political Authority 315

Those 'Affected'/'Subjected' 322

The Political Concept of Global Justice 327

Conclusion 331

9 Democracy in Conditions of Global Legal Pluralism 334

Pluralism in Global Governance 335

Normative Pluralism 338

What is Legal Pluralism? 341

Global Legal Pluralism 343

Rethinking Global Legal Pluralism 345

State Law and International Law 350

Relationship Between Democracy and International Law 360

The Limits of International Law 361

Democracy-Enhancing International Law 363

Constitutional Self-Limitation 365

International Law as a Pre-Commitment Device 368

A Contestable International Rule of Law 369

Conclusion 371

Conclusion: Democracy and the Public International Lawyer 377

Selected Bibliography 383

Index 395