THE ROMAN LAW OF SLAVERY THE CONDITION OF THE SLAVE IN PRIVATE LAW FROM AUGUSTUS TO JUSTINIANPDF电子书下载

PART Ⅰ. CONDITION OF THE SLAVE. 1

Ⅰ. Definition and General Characteristics 1

Ⅱ. The Slave as Res . 10

Custodia, 11

Vindicatio Servi, 12

Legatum Servi, 15

Fructus and Partus, 21

Delicts in respect of Slaves, 29

Ⅲ. The Slave as Res （cont.）. Sale of Slav 39

Interitus Rei, 40

Accessions, 43

Actio ex Empto, 44

Evic- tion, 46

Aedilician actions, 54

Restrictive covenants, 68

Ⅳ. The Slave as Man. Non-Commercial Relations 73

General notions, 73

Cognatio servilis, 76

Iniusia to Slaves, 79

Incapacities, 82

Slaves as Witnesses, 86

Criminal Slaves, 91

Ⅴ. The Slave as Man （cont.）.Non-Commercial Relations （cont.）.Delicts by Slaves 98

Scope of Noxal Liability, 98

Potestas, 101

Procedure, 102；Noxa Caput Sequitur, 106

Effect of death of Slave, 111

Essential nature of Noxal Liability, 112

Dominus sciens, 114

Existence of minor interests in the Slave, 116

Delict by more than one Slave, 118

Delict in connexion with a negotium, 122

Delict by Slave the subject of a negotium, 124

Interdicta Noxalia, 128

Rules under lex Aquilia, 129

Ⅵ. The Slave as Man （cont.）.Commercial Relations apart from Peculium. Acquisitions 131

Acquisition of Possession, 131

Usucapio through a Slave, 134

Institutio of a Slave, 137

Legacy to a Slave, 144

Acquisition of Iura in Re Aliena, 152

of Iura in Personam, 154

Ⅶ. The Slave as Man （cont.）. Commercial Relations apart from Peculium. Liabilities 159

Alienation, 159

Loss of Possession, 160

Act of Slave under Master’s Contract, 162

Acknowledgments and Receipts, 164

Actio Quod Iussu, 166

Actio Institoria, 169

Actio Exercitoria, 174

Actio de in Rem Verso, 176

Ⅷ. The Slave as Man （cont.）.Commercial Relations.Peculium. Acquisitions, Alienations, etc 187

History, 186； General Character of Peculium, 188

Legacy of Peculium, 190

Concessio Peculii 196

Content of Peculium, 197

Administratio Peculii, 201

Cesser of Peculium, 205.Ⅸ. The Slave as Man （cont.）.Commercial Relations.Peculium （cont.）. Liabilities 207

Actio de Peculio, 207

Nature of Transaction giving the Action, 209

Nature of the Liability, 211

Restrictions onScope of the Action, 214

Imputations for Dolus, 218

Deductions from the fund, 221

Actio Annalis, 228

Actio Tributoria, 233

Ⅹ. Special Cases 239

Servus Vicarius, 239

Servus Filiifamilias, 249

Servus in Bonis, 250

Servus Latini, 251

Servus Peregrini 251

Ⅺ. Special Cases （cont.） 252

Servus Hereditarius, 252

Servus Dotalis, 262

Servus Com- modatus, etc., 265

Servus in Precario, 266

Ⅻ. Special Cases （cont.） 267

Servus Fugitivus, 267

Servus pro Derelicto, 274

Servus Poenae, 277

Servus pendente usufructu manumissus, 278

Servus in Libertate tuitione Praetoris, 279

Servus Pignera- ticius manumissus, 279

ⅩⅢ. Special Cases （cont.） 281

Servus Pigneraticius, 281

Servus fiduciae datus, 285

Statuliber, 286

Captivus, 291

Posdiminium, 304

Redemptio, 311

ⅩⅣ. Special Cases （cont.） 318

Servus Publicus Populi Romani 318

Servus Caesaris, 323

Servus Fisci, 324

Servus Publicus Municipii 327

ⅩⅤ. Special Cases （cont.） 331

Bona Fide Serviens, 331

Servus Mala Fide Possessus, 353

Servus Fructuarius, 356

Servus Usuarius, 369

ⅩⅥ. Special Cases （cont.） 372

Servus Communis, 372

Acquisitions by Servus Communis 379

Combinations of these interests 394

PART Ⅱ. ENSLAVEMENT AND RELEASE FROM SLAVERY. 397

ⅩⅦ. Enslavement 397

Capture, 397

Slavery by Birth, 397

Enslavement Iure Civili, Minor Cases, 401

Servi Poenae, 403

Sc.Claudi- anum, 412.ⅩⅧ. Enslavement （cont.） 419

Minor Cases under Justinian, 419

Sale of Children, 420

Libertus Ingratus, 422

Fraudulent Sale of Freeman, 427

ⅩⅨ. Outline of Law of Manumission during the Republic 437

Nature of Manumission, 437

Census, 439

Manumission Vindicta, 441

Manumission by Will, 442

Persons in Libertate tuitions Praetoris, 444

Exceptional Forms, 447.ⅩⅩ. Manumission during the Empire. Forms 449

Manumission in Ecclesiis, 449

Manumission Vindicta, 451

Manumission by Will, 460

Ademption, 466

Legacies to Freed Slaves, 470

Gifts of Liberty to Unborn Persons, 476

Soldier’s Will, 477

ⅩⅪ. Manumission during the Empire （cont.）. Manumission by Will （cont.）. Dies, Conditio, Institutio 479

Dies certus, 479

Dies incertus, 480

Condition, 482

Negative Conditions, 485

Fulfilment, 487

Impossibility, 489

Prevention, 492

Condition of rendering accounts, 494

Condition of payment of money, 496

Manumission with Institutio, 505

ⅩⅫ. Manumission during the Empire （cont.）. FideicommissaryGifts 513

Implied Fideicommissa, 515

Conditions, 516

Lapse, 519；Lex Falcidia and Sc.Pegasianum, 522

To whom such gifts may be made, 526

On whom charged, 527

Charged on Receiver of the Slave, 527

Charged on Owner of the Slave, 529

Charge to Buy and Free, 530

ⅩⅩⅢ. Manumission during the Empire （cont.）. Statutory Changes 533

Lex Iunia, 533

Lex Aelia Sentia, 537

Age of Manumitter, 537

Causae Probatio, 538

Age of Slave, 542

Fraud of Creditor or Patron, 544

Dediticii, 544

Lex Fufia Caninia, 546

Sources of Latinity, 548

ⅩⅩⅣ. Manumission under Justinian 552

Form, 552

Effect, 555

Age of Master, 555

Consent, 555；Manumission must be nominatim, 556

Manumission of Unborn Person, 557

Manumission must be by Owner, 558

Fraud of Creditors, 559

Irrevocability of Manumission, 566

ⅩⅩⅤ. Manumission. Special Cases and Minor Restrictions. 573

Servus Pigneraticius, 573

Servus Communis, 575

Servus Fructuarius, 578

Servus Legatus, 580

Servus Dotulis, 583

Divorce, 584

Conditions against Manumission, 585

Slave of pers on under Guardianship, 587

Slaves of Corporations, 588

Public Slaves, 589

Cases connected with Criminal Liability, 591

Minor Restrictions, 593

ⅩⅩⅥ. Freedom independent of Manumission . 598

Cases of Reward to Slave, 598

Cases of Penalty on Dominus, 602

Miscellaneous Cases, 607

ⅩⅩⅦ. Freedom without Manumission.Uncompleted Manumission 609

Relief against Failure of Gift, 609

Fideicommissary Liberty Overdue, 611

Addictio Bonorum, 620

Hereditates passing to the Fisc, 626

Transfer ut manumittatur, 628

Servus suis nummis emptus, 636

Payment to secure Manumis- sion, 640

ⅩⅩⅧ. Questions of Status as affected by Lapse of Time, Death, Judicial Decision, etc. 647

Effect of Pact, etc., 647

Lapse of Time in Libertate, 648

Lapse of Time from Manumission, 650

Death, 651

Res Iudicata, 652

Mode of Trial of Causae Liberales, 653

Burden of Proof, 660

Condition of alleged slave pendente lite, 661

Effect of Judgment, 666

Claims of Ingenuitas, 672

Collusion, 674

ⅩⅩⅨ. Effect after Manumission of Events during Slavery. Obli- gatio Naturaiis . 676

APPENDIX Ⅰ. The relation of the contractual actions adiectitiae quali- tatis to the Theory of Representation 702

APPENDIX Ⅱ.Formulation and Litis Consumptio in the actions adiectitiae qualitatis . 706

APPENDIX Ⅲ.Form used by Slave in acquisition by Mancipatio, etc. 712

APPENDIX Ⅳ.The essential character of Manumission : Iteratio . 714

APPENDIX Ⅴ. Manumission vindicta by a filiusfamilias 718

INDEX 724