国际文凭考试辅导丛书 BIOLOGY-HL&SL for the IB Diploma 生物 英文版PDF电子书下载

Topic 01 Cell biology 1

1.1 Introduction to cells 1

1.2 Ultrastructure of cells 4

1.3 Membrane structure 8

1.4 Membrane transport 11

1.5 The origin to cells 13

1.6 Cell division 15

Exercises 18

Topic 02 Molecular biology 20

2.1 Molecules to metabolism 20

2.2 Water 22

2.3 Carbohydrates and lipids 23

2.4 Proteins 27

2.5 Enzymes 29

2.6 Structure of DNA and RNA 31

2.7 DNA replication,transcription and translation 31

2.8 Cell respiration 34

2.9 Photosynthesis 35

Exercises 37

Topic 03 Genetics 40

3.1 Genes 40

3.2 Chromosomes 41

3.3 Meiosis 44

3.4 Inheritance 47

3.5 Genetic modification and biotechnology 51

Exercises 54

Topic 04 Ecology 56

4.1 Species,communities and ecosystems 56

4.2 Energy flow 59

4.3 Carbon cycling 60

4.4 Climate change 63

Exercises 65

Topic 05 Evolution and biodiversity 66

5.1 Evidence for evolution 66

5.2 Natural selection 68

5.3 Classification of biodiversity 69

5.4 Cladistics 72

Exercises 75

Topic 06 Human physiology 77

6.1 Digestion and absorption 77

6.2 The blood system 79

6.3 Defence against infectious disease 82

6.4 Gas exchange 84

6.5 Neurons and synapses 86

6.6 Hormones,homeostasis and reproduction 88

Exercises 93

Topic 07 Nucleic acids 94

7.1 DNA structure and replication 94

7.2 Transcription and gene expression 96

7.3 Translation 99

Exercises 102

Topic 08 Metabolism,cell respi ration ＆ photosynthesis 103

8.1 Metabolism 103

8.2 Cell respiration 104

8.3 Photosynthesis 107

Exercises 109

Topic 09 Plant biology 110

9.1 Transport in the xylem of plants 110

9.2 Transport in the phloem of plants 111

9.3 Growth in plants 114

9.4 Reproduction in plants 115

Exercises 117

Topic 10 Genetics and evolution 118

10.1 Meiosis 118

10.2 Inheritance 119

10.3 Gene pools and speciation 121

Exercises 124

Topic 11 Animal physiology 125

11.1 Antibody production and vaccination 125

11.2 Movement 128

11.3 The kidney and osmoregulation 130

11.4 Sexual reproduction 133

Exercises 137

Option D Human physiology 138

D.1 Human nutrition 138

D.2 Digestion 140

D.3 Functions of the liver 143

D.4 The heart 145

D.5 Hormones and metabolism 149

D.6 Transport of respiratory gases 151

Exercises 154

Answers to Exercises 156