THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT AND COMPLEMENTARITY VOLUME IPDF电子书下载

Introduction: bridge over troubled waters?&CARSTEN STAHN 1

1 Introduction 1

2 Objectives and institutional dimensions 4

3 Origin and historical heritage of complementarity 5

4 Theorization and analytical dimensions of complementarity 6

5 Interpretation and application of the Rome Statute 8

6 Complementarity in perspective 12

7 Complementarity in practice 13

8 Not a conclusion 15

PART I General reflections 19

1 A positive approach to complementarity: the impact of the Office of the Prosecutor&LUIS MORENO-OCAMPO 21

1 The Rome Statute as the foundation of a global criminal justice system 21

2 The meaning of complementarity 23

3 Policy and practice of the Office of the Prosecutor 24

4 Maximizing impact 29

5 Conclusion 32

2 Justice and prevention&JUAN E. MENDEZ 33

1 Introduction 33

2 Prevention in international law 34

3 Conditions for justice to have a preventive effect 35

4 Prevention in recent international practice 38

5 Practice of the ICC 40

6 Prevention and complementarity 46

7 Conclusion 50

3 Proactive complementarity: a Registrar's perspective and plans&SILVANA ARBIA AND GIOVANNI BASSY 52

1 Introduction 52

2 The legal framework 53

3 Proactive versus passive complementarity 54

4 Opportunities for the Registry 57

5 Conclusion 66

PART II Origin and genesis of complementarity 69

4 The genesis of complementarity&MOHAMED M. EL ZEIDY 71

1 Introduction 72

2 World War I peace treaties 78

3 Post-World War I complementarity models 90

4 Conclusion 137

5 Reflections on complementarity at the Rome Conference and beyond&MAURO POLITI 142

1 Introduction 142

2 Complementarity at the Rome Conference 143

3 Complementarity beyond the Rome Conference 146

6 The rise and fall of complementarity&WILLIAM A. SCHABAS 150

1 Introduction 150

2 Positive complementarity' 155

3 Inactivity: the unwritten criterion for complementarity 158

4 Inactivity and inappropriate selection of cases 161

5 Concluding remarks 163

PART III Analytical dimensions of complementarity 165

7 Complementarity as global governance&CHRISTOPH BURCHARD 167

1 Introduction 168

2 Problems and solutions to why regulatory policies fail to meet their goals 171

3 Actor openness 186

4 Characteristics, quality and structure of the milieu of complementarity 189

5 Outlook 195

8 Policy through complementarity: the atrocity trial as justice&MARK A. DRUMBL 197

1 Introduction 198

2 The treaty framework: text and effect 200

3 Complementarity and state behavior 211

4 Towards qualified deference 222

5 Conclusion 231

9 Taking complementarity seriously&CARSTEN STAHN 233

1 Introduction 233

2 The normative embedding of complementarity 236

3 Classical complementarity and its variations 251

4 'Positive' complementarity 260

5 Constraints 273

6 Conclusions 281

10 International criminal justice in the era of failed states: the ICC and the self-referral debate&PAYAM AKHAVAN 283

1 Introduction 284

2 The self-referral revolution in global justice 286

3 Necessity of the self-referral mechanism 292

4 Scenarios where self-referral is vital 299

5 Conclusion: cooperative global justice in a world of extremes 302

11 The quest for constructive complementarity&MICHAEL A. NEWTON 304

1 Introduction 305

2 Early precedents eroding the law of command responsibility 309

3 Is the Court corroding complementarity? 313

4 Is the Prosecutor warping the gravity threshold? 329

5 Recommendations for revitalizing a constructive complementarity 333

6 Conclusion 339

12 Reframing positive complementarity&WILLIAM W. BURKE-WHITE 341

1 Introduction 341

2 Positive complementarity in the first eight years: theory, policy and practice 343

3 Reframing positive complementarity: the US federal criminal justice system as a possible model 353

13 Too much of a good thing?: implementation and the uses of complementarity&FREDERIC MEGRET 361

1 Introduction 361

2 Scope of implementation 364

3 Implementation as a Trojan horse? 367

4 The reality of complementarity 376

5 Some illustrations 380

6 Conclusion 386

PART IV Interpretation and application 391

14 The application of the principle of complementarity to the decision of where to open an investigation: the admissibility of 'situations'&HECTOR OLASOLO AND ENRIQUE CARNERO-ROJO 393

1 Introduction 394

2 Distinction between situations and cases 396

3 The notion of admissibility of situations 402

4 Assessing the admissibility of situations 412

5 Conclusion 419

15 Situation and case: defining the parameters&ROD RASTAN 421

1 Introduction 421

2 What is a situation? 422

3 What is a case? 437

4 Investigation and prosecution 445

5 Between situation and case 454

6 Impact of prosecutorial policy 458

16 The inaction controversy: neglected words and new opportunities&DARRYL ROBINSON 460

1 Introduction 461

2 Textual demonstration: Article 17 expressly requires national proceedings 463

3 Enduring grip of the slogan version 475

4 Factors contributing to the interpretive disconnect? 489

5 Implications 498

17 The admissibility procedures&JO STIGEN 503

1 Introduction 504

2 Admissibility at the different stages of the ICC proceedings 504

3 Admissibility and the Prosecutor's preliminary examination 506

4 Preliminary rulings regarding admissibility 511

5 Challenges to the admissibility of a case 532

18 The evolution of the ICC jurisprudence on admissibility&BEN BATROS 558

1 Introduction 558

2 A brief history of admissibility proceedings before the ICC 560

3 Test for admissibility determinations under the Rome Statute 569

4 Basis for an admissibility determination 578

5 How and when admissibility determinations can be made 583

6 Purpose and focus of complementarity 589

7 Conclusion: complementarity in context 596

19 Interpretative gravity under the Rome Statute&IGNAZ STEGMILLER 603

1 Introduction 604

2 Interpreting the ICC's notion of gravity 606

3 Common criteria for the (legal) gravity threshold 621

4 Conclusion 637

20 Complementarity and burden allocation&MEGAN A. FAIRLIE AND JOSEPH POWDERLY 642

1 Introduction 643

2 Necessity of determining proof allocation 645

3 Potentially applicable burdens and standards of proof 648

4 Application of complementarity in the context of Security Council referrals: Darfur 661

5 Challenges to admissibility under Article 19 667

6 Conclusion 681